Effect of catalytic vapour cracking on fuel properties and composition of castor seed pyrolytic oil

Koul, Mithelesh; Shadangi, Krushna Prasad; Mohanty, Kaustubha

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2016.04.014

Cited by 22 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The excellent biomass feedstock is that possesses lower ash content and higher volatile maters content. It has been reported that the heating value and the conversion efficiency are greatly affected by the moisture percentage of the biomass sample 79 . The outcomes in Table 5 show that the moisture percentage of the MCS was below those announced for other biomass feedstocks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Fadhil

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) seeds were exploited as possible nonedible feedstock for the synthesis of liquid biofuels, namely, biodiesel and bio‐oil via alkali–alcoholysis and pyrolysis routes, respectively. The alkali–alcoholysis reaction of mandarin seed oil with an equivalent mixture of methanol–ethanol alcohols was examined and optimized by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best experimental yield of biodiesel (95.55 ± 1.55 wt.%) was comparable with the predicted yield (95.0 wt.%). Also, analysis by one‐way ANOVA showed that the selected variables were statistically significant. The 1H NMR spectroscopy asserted the transformation of the oil to biodiesel. Also, the evaluated properties of the biodiesel were in the range given by ASTM D6751 standards. The mandarin citrus seeds have also subjected to the thermal pyrolysis process in a fixed‐bed reactor to obtain bio‐oil and bio‐char. The influence of the pyrolysis temperature, time, feed particle size, and heating rate on the bio‐oil yield was optimized. The highest yield of bio‐oil (52.34 ± 1.25 wt.%) was attained at 475°C for 60 min using 70 mesh particle size of the feed with a heating rate of 20°C/min. The bio‐oil was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR spectroscopy, and ultimate analysis. The bio‐oil derived from MCS has an empirical formula of CH1.88 O0.16 N0.012 S0.0005 with 37.96 MJ/kg of heating value. The elevated carbon level, low oxygen content, and high calorific value (25.45 MJ/kg) of the attained bio‐char suggest its suitability as a solid fuel. Also, the obtained bio‐char can be utilized for preparing carbon adsorbent as a result of its good surface area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Fadhil

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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“…In recent years, catalytic upgrading of lipid-base pyrolysis vapors over a catalyst fixed bed has been applied as an alternative process to deoxygenate bio-oils volatiles and produce liquid mixtures rich in hydrocarbons with superior transport and physicochemical properties, and the literature reports several studies on the subject [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies on catalytic upgrade focused on the pyrolysis vapors of lipid-base materials including microalgae such as Chlorella vulgaris [1], Chromolaena odorata [2], Jatropha waste [3][4][5][6], soap stock [2,7,8], waste cooking oil [9,10], cottonseed oil dregs [11], tallow kernel oil [12], and castor seed oil [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pyrolysis vapors of lipid-base materials chemically upgraded over catalyst supports including Ni/Y-zeolite [1], HZSM-5 [2,[6][7][8]10], metal oxide (Ce, Pd, Ru, Ni) impregnated activated carbon [3], oxide-base catalysts [4,5,13] [4], CaO [5,13], ZnO [13], and kaolin [13], MCM-41 [8,12], HZSM-5/MCM-41 [8], metal oxide (Ca, Ce, Zr, Ni, Co) impregnated HZSM-5 (CaO/HZSM-5, CeO 2 /HZSM-5, ZrO 2 /HZSM-5, NiO/HZSM-5, CoO/HZSM-5) [9], metal impregnated (Co, Ni All the studies on catalytic upgrade of pyrolysis vapors from lipid-base materials focused on deoxygenation of bio-oil [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], but emphasis has also been given on the conversion of BTEXN (Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl-benzene, Xylene, Naphthalene) [3,6,9], as well as reaction mechanism/pathway [3,[10][11][12]. The catalytic upgrade of pyrolysis volatiles has been carried out by flash pyrolysis/analytical pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS) [3,4,6], as well as by vacuum pyrolysis [7,9,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalytic upgrade of pyrolysis volatiles has been carried out by flash pyrolysis/analytical pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS) [3,4,6], as well as by vacuum pyrolysis [7,9,11,12], in drop-tube/downdraft reactors [2,[7][8][9]12], fixed-bed reactors [1,2,5,[7][8][9][11][12][13], and fluidized-bed reactors [10]. The catalytic upgrade of pyrolysis vapors was performed at analytical [3,4,6], micro [1,11], and laboratory scales [2,5,[7][8][9][10]12,13]. The catalytic upgrade processes operated in batch [1,3,4,6,13], and continuous mode [2,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12], and only a few studies operated as a two-stage reactor, that is, using a process schema consisting of a thermal cracking reactor coupled ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Upgrading of Residual Fat Pyrolysis Vapors over Activated Carbon Pellets into Hydrocarbons-like Fuels in a Two-Stage Reactor: Analysis of Hydrocarbons Composition and Physical-Chemistry Properties

et al. 2022

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This work investigated the influence of the reaction time and catalyst-to-residual fat ratio by catalytic upgrading from pyrolysis vapors of residual fat at 400 °C and 1.0 atmosphere, on the yields of reaction products, physicochemical properties (density, kinematic viscosity, and acid value) and chemical composition of bio-oils, over a catalyst fixed-bed reactor of activated carbon pellets impregnated with 10.0 M NaOH, in semi-pilot scale. The experiments were carried out at 400 °C and 1.0 atmosphere, using a process schema consisting of a thermal cracking reactor of 2.0 L coupled to a catalyst fixed-bed reactor of 53 mL, without catalyst and using 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% (wt.) activated carbon pellets impregnated with 10.0 M NaOH, in batch mode. Results show yields of bio-oil decreasing with increasing catalyst-to-tallow ratio. The GC-MS of liquid reaction products identified the presence of hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, ring-containing alkanes, ring-containing alkenes, and aromatics) and oxygenates (carboxylic acids, ketones, esters, alcohols, and aldehydes). For all the pyrolysis and catalytic cracking experiments, the hydrocarbon selectivity in bio-oil increases with increasing reaction time, while those of oxygenates decrease, reaching concentrations of hydrocarbons up to 95.35% (area).

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Effect of Catalyst Bed Height on the Yield and Composition of Non-edible Seed Pyrolytic Oil

Chatterjee

Shadangi

Mohanty

2019

Waste Biomass Valor

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Effect of catalytic vapour cracking on fuel properties and composition of castor seed pyrolytic oil

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Production and characterization of liquid biofuels from locally available nonedible feedstocks

Catalytic Upgrading of Residual Fat Pyrolysis Vapors over Activated Carbon Pellets into Hydrocarbons-like Fuels in a Two-Stage Reactor: Analysis of Hydrocarbons Composition and Physical-Chemistry Properties

Effect of Catalyst Bed Height on the Yield and Composition of Non-edible Seed Pyrolytic Oil

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