Effect of Catalytic Aquathermolysis on High-Molecular-Weight Components of Heavy Oil in the Ashal’cha Field

Galukhin, Andrey; Erokhin, A.A.; Нургалиев, Д. К.

doi:10.1007/s10553-015-0563-3

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, the low viscosity is almost temporary due to the occurrence of polymerization, , and therefore some additives have been studied for this technique to achieve permanent viscosity reduction. To achieve this, many chemical compounds have been used, which are classified as follows; water-soluble metal salts like Ni sulfate (NiSO 4 ); metal complexes such as molybdenum oleate (C 72 H 136 MoO 8 ); ferric oleate (C 54 H 99 FeO 6 ), nickel oleate (C 36 H 68 NiO 4 ), cobalt oleate (C 36 H 66 CoO 4 ), iron acetylacetonate (C 15 H 21 FeO 6 ), − and amphiphilic catalysts, which are soluble in water and oil. − Iron chelate-aromatic sulfonic has been used by Chen et al as amphiphilic catalysts (aromatic sulfonic acid as an anion and iron as a cation) for viscosity reduction of extra-heavy oil at 200 °C. The apparent viscosity of crude oil was reduced by 90.7%, which is attributed to the stability of the catalyst at water–oil interface .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Aquathermolysis for Altering the Rheology of Asphaltic Crude Oil Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic MWCNT

et al. 2020

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The use of asphaltic crude oil resources as an alternative to offset light oil supplies over the next years has attracted oil field attention. However, its high viscosity greatly impedes the production of asphaltic crude oil from wells and constitutes an obstacle, especially during transportation and refining operations. Thus, catalytic aquathermolysis has been introduced as an attractive and green technique for upgrading the asphaltic crude oil at elevated temperatures by reducing the asphaltic crude oil viscosity. In this study, magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared and modified with 1-ethyl-3-(3-formyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium acetate (EFHIA). The results revealed the rheology results revealed that the viscosity of crude oil was reduced by 75.9% when compared to thermally treated blank at the same degree after 2 h of operation using Fe3O4/MWCNT@EFHIA as a catalyst. The asphaltene, resin, and sulfur measurements revealed that the percentages of these compounds were reduced to 37%, 43%, and 47%, respectively, upon using 0.2% Fe3O4/MWCNT@EFHIA as a catalyst at 200 °C for 2 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Aquathermolysis for Altering the Rheology of Asphaltic Crude Oil Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic MWCNT

et al. 2020

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“…Many experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to get a clear picture of the mechanism of decomposition of heavy oil in the aquathermolysis reaction. − For this purpose, it is necessary to use model compounds for experiments or computer simulations owing to the fact that the complicated composition of heavy oil makes it difficult to understand the cleavage mechanism of the C–heteroatom bonds. Organic species containing aliphatic and aromatic fragments, as well as oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen functional groups, are suitable model compounds for simulating the chemistry of thermal processes that takes place in natural environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic species containing aliphatic and aromatic fragments, as well as oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen functional groups, are suitable model compounds for simulating the chemistry of thermal processes that takes place in natural environments. For example, thermolysis reactions of cyclohexyl phenyl ether, sulfides, and amines have been investigated under different reaction conditions in a series of experimental studies. − As evidenced in the experiments, an acid-catalyzed carbocation mechanism operates for these systems at high temperatures in aqueous media. − Gomes et al used three different composite approaches (CBS-Q, G3, and G3MP2B3) to calculate the thermodynamic parameters of the conversion reactions of sulfur-containing compounds under the action of steam and heat . Vasiliou et al studied the thermal decomposition mechanism of thiophene both experimentally and theoretically and found that thiophene undergoes unimolecular decomposition by five pathways: C 4 H 4 S → (1) SCCH 2 + HCCH, (2) CS + HCCCH 3 , (3) HCS + HCCCH 2 , (4) H 2 S + HCC–CCH, and (5) S + HCC–CHCH 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Insights into the Catalytic Effect of Transition-Metal Ions on the Aquathermal Degradation of Sulfur-Containing Heavy Oil: A DFT Study of Cyclohexyl Phenyl Sulfide Cleavage

et al. 2020

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Steam injection is the most widely used technique for effectively reducing the viscosity of heavy oil in heavy oil production, in which in situ upgrading of heavy oil by aquathermolysis plays an important role. Earlier, transition-metal catalysts have been used for improving the efficiency of steam injection by catalytic aquathermolysis and achieving a higher degree of in situ oil upgrading. However, the unclear mechanism of aquathermolysis makes it difficult to choose efficient catalysts for different types of heavy oil. This theoretical study is aimed at deeply understanding the mechanism of in situ upgrading of sulfur-containing heavy oil and its catalysis. For this purpose, cyclohexyl phenyl sulfide (CPS) is selected as a model compound of sulfur-containing oil components, and, for the first time, a catalytic effect of transition metals on the thermochemistry and kinetics of its aquathermolysis is investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) methods with the use of the Becke three-parameter Lee–Yang–Parr (B3LYP), ωB97X-D, and M06-2X functionals. Calculation results show that the hydrolysis of CPS is characterized by fairly high energy barriers in comparison with other possible reaction routes leading to the cleavage of C–S bonds, while the heterolysis of C–S bonds in the presence of protons has a substantially lower kinetic barrier. According to the theoretical analysis, transition-metal ions significantly reduce the kinetic barrier of heterolysis. The Cu 2+ ion outperforms the other investigated metal ions and the hydrogen ion in the calculated rate constant by 5–6 (depending on the metal) and 7 orders of magnitude, respectively. The catalytic activity of the investigated transition-metal ions is arranged in the following sequence, depending on the used DFT functional: Cu 2+ ≫ Co 2+ ≈ Ni 2+ > Fe 2+ . It is theoretically confirmed that transition-metal ions, especially Cu 2+ , can serve as effective catalysts in aquathermolysis reactions. The proposed quantum-chemical approach for studying the catalytic aquathermolysis provides a new supplementary theoretical tool that can be used in the development of catalysts for different chemical transformations of heavy oil components in reservoirs due to hydrothermal treatment.

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Catalyst for In Situ Upgrading of Heavy Oils

Schacht

Torres–Mancera

Ancheyta

2023

Catalytic In‐Situ Upgrading of Heavy and Extra‐Heavy Crude Oils

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Effect of Catalytic Aquathermolysis on High-Molecular-Weight Components of Heavy Oil in the Ashal’cha Field

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Catalytic Aquathermolysis for Altering the Rheology of Asphaltic Crude Oil Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic MWCNT

Catalytic Aquathermolysis for Altering the Rheology of Asphaltic Crude Oil Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic MWCNT

Theoretical Insights into the Catalytic Effect of Transition-Metal Ions on the Aquathermal Degradation of Sulfur-Containing Heavy Oil: A DFT Study of Cyclohexyl Phenyl Sulfide Cleavage

Catalyst for In Situ Upgrading of Heavy Oils

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