Effect of Casein Infusion in the Rumen, Duodenum or Both Sites on Factors Affecting Forage Intake and Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Red Clover-Grass Silage

Khalili, Hannele; Huhtanen, Pekka

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74149-0

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Increases in DMI have also been reported following post-ruminal infusions of protein, indicating that part of the response is related to metabolic effects, possibly mediated via improvements in the ratio of AA to energy at the tissue level. Greater intake effects of post-ruminal than ruminal casein infusions (Khalili and Huhtanen 2002) and of duodenal protein infusion compared with ruminal protein or glucose infusions (Faverdin et al 2003) support this suggestion. Interestingly, CM supplementation increased DMI more than SBM.…”

Section: Feed Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis

2011

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Huhtanen, P., Hetta, M. and Swensson, C. 2011. Evaluation of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 529Á543. A review and a meta-analysis were conducted to compare the feeding value of soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM) in dairy cows and to evaluate the effects of heat-treatment of CM (TCM) on the performance of dairy cows. The dataset included in total 292 treatment means from 122 studies, in which dietary crude protein (CP) concentration was increased by replacing energy supplements with protein supplements. A mixed model regression analysis with random study effect was used to estimate the marginal production responses to different protein sources. The differences between the slopes were compared by t-test. All protein sources increased dry matter intake, but the responses were greater (PB0.01) for CM and TCM compared with SBM. Feeding CM or TCM produced greater (PB0.01) daily milk yield responses than SBM (3.490.19 and 3.790.25 vs. 2.190.25) kg kg (1 increase in CP intake. Marginal milk protein yield responses (g kg (1 increase in CP intake) were greater (PB0.01) for CM (1369 5.4) and TCM (13398.5) compared with SBM (9898.0). Smaller response to incremental CP intake can partly be related to the higher average dietary CP concentration in SBM studies. Literature data on rumen ammonia N concentration and omasal protein flow did not support the higher ruminal tabulated ruminal CP degradability of CM compared with SBM. It is concluded that CM can successfully be substituted for SBM on isonitrogenous basis and that most feed evaluation systems overestimate metabolizable protein concentration of SBM relative to CM.Huhtanen, P., Hetta, M. et Swensson, C. 2011. É valuation du tourteau de canola comme supple´ment prote´ique pour la vache laitie`re : revue et me´ta-analyse. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 529Á543. Les auteurs ont proce´de´a`une revue et a`une me´ta-analyse afin de comparer la valeur nutritive du tourteau de soja (TS) a`celle du tourteau de canola (TC) pour la vache laitie`re, et e´valuer l'incidence d'un traitement thermique du TC (TCT) sur le rendement des animaux. La base de donne´es consistait en la moyenne de 292 traitements venant de 122 e´tudes dans lesquelles on avait augmente´la concentration de prote´ines brutes (PB) en remplac¸ant les supple´ments e´nerge´tiques par des supple´ments prote´iques. Les auteurs ont recouru a`un mode`le mixte d'analyse par re´gression a`effet ale´atoire pour estimer la re´action marginale de la production aux diffe´rentes sources de prote´ines. L'e´cart entre les pentes a e´te´compare´au moyen du test t. Toutes les sources de prote´ines augmentent l'ingestion de matie`re se`che, mais le TC et le TCT le font plus (P B 0,01) que le TS. Donner du TC ou du TCT accroıˆt plus (PB0,01) le rendement laitier quotidien que donner du TS (3,490,19 et 3,7 9 0,25 c. 2,190,25 kg par kg de kilo de prote´ines brutes supple´mentaires inge´re´). La re´action marginale du rendement en prote´ines du lait (g par kg de PB sup...

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Section: Feed Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis

2011

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“…Khalili and Huhtanen (2002) observed a greater increase in SDMI with duodenal rather than ruminal infusion of casein. Duodenal infusion was associated with a higher rumen NDF fill and a longer total chewing time compared with cows receiving a ruminal casein infusion.…”

Section: Concentrate Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Evaluation of concentrate factors affecting silage intake of dairy cows: a development of the relative total diet intake index

Huhtanen

Rinne

Nousiainen

2008

Animal

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The aim of this work was to develop an index describing the relative intake of the total diet by dairy cows, and hence the ability to predict intake responses to changes in both forage and concentrate variables. An evaluation of concentrate factors affecting silage dry matter (DM) intake of dairy cows was conducted based on dietary treatment means from milk production experiments. The data were divided into four subsets according to concentrate treatments used within the experiments: the amount of concentrate supplementation (n 5 217), protein supplementation (n 5 336), carbohydrate composition (n 5 114) and fat concentration of the concentrate (n 5 29). The data were subjected to mixed-model regression analysis. Increased concentrate DM intake (CDMI) decreased silage DM intake (SDMI) quadratically. The substitution rate (substitution of silage DM for concentrate DM) increased with improved silage intake potential. SDMI increased quadratically with concentrate protein intake, the response being negatively related to the effective protein degradability (EPD) of concentrates. Replacement of starchy concentrate ingredients with fibrous supplements had a small positive effect on silage intake, whereas increased concentrate fat concentration slightly decreased SDMI. The outcome of concentrate factors influencing total DM intake (TDMI) was used to create a relative CDMI index as follows: CDMI index 5 100 1 10 3 [(CDMI 2 0.1629 3 CDMI 2 0.01882 3 CDMI 2 2 5.49) 1 ((0.9474 3 CCPI 2 0.4965 3 CCPI 2 ) 2 2.017 3 (CEPD 2 0.74)) 1 0.00225 3 (CNDF 2 250) 2 0.0103 3 (40 2 Cfat) 2 0.00058 3 (CDMI 2 8.0) 3 (SDMI index 2 100)], where CDMI 5 concentrate DM intake (kg/day), CCPI 5 supplementary concentrate CP intake (kg/day; CP.170 g/kg DM), CEPD 5 concentrate EPD (g/g), CNDF 5 concentrate NDF concentration (g/kg DM), Cfat 5 concentrate fat concentration (g/kg DM) and SDMI index is the relative intake potential of silage (Huhtanen, Rinne and Nousiainen 2007. Animal 1, 758-770). TDMI index was calculated as SDMI index 1 CDMI index 2 100 to describe the relative intake potential of the total diet. For the whole data set (n 5 943), one TDMI index unit was equivalent to 0.095 kg/day DM intake, i.e. close to the default value of 0.100 kg. The CDMI index explained proportionally 0.88 of the variation in TDMI within a study with a 0.27 kg/day residual meansquare error (n 5 616). The corresponding values for the TDMI index were 0.81 and 0.37 kg/day (n 5 943), respectively. The residual mean-square errors in cross-validation were marginally higher. The developed TDMI index can be used to estimate the intake responses to diet changes. It provides an improved basis for practical dairy cow ration formulation and economic evaluation.

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“…The RMRT of iNDF calculated by the steady-state method was longer than the value based on Yb kinetics from the same experiment (57.3 and 32.1 h, respectively; Khalili and Huhtanen, 2002). It has been reported that Yb-labelled particles underestimate the RMRT (Huhtanen and Kukkonen, 1995;Lund, 2002) and it may be related to migration of Yb to rumen fl uid (Beauchemin and Buchanan-Smith, 1989;Combs et al, 1992) or preferential bounding to small rather than large particles (Siddons et al, 1985).…”

Section: Ruminal Mean Residence Timementioning

confidence: 80%

“…The total weight of ruminal contents was estimated by emptying the rumen of each cow on two occasions at 06.00 and 09.30 h on d 13 and 14 of each experimental period according to the procedure described by Khalili and Huhtanen (2002). The average weight of ruminal contents of the two evacuations was used as the estimation of the diurnal mean.…”

Section: Procedures and Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Estimation of digesta kinetics of different particle size fractions using rumen evacuation technique in dairy cows fed red clover-grass silag

Bayat¹,

Rinne²,

Khalili³

et al. 2007

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Ruminal kinetic parameters of different particle size fractions were estimated using four lactating dairy cows in a 4×4 Latin square experiment. Cows received red clover-grass silage alone diet. Ruminal contents and faeces were divided into six particle size fractions by wet sieving. Indigestible (iNDF) and potentially digestible (pdNDF) neutral detergent fi bre were separated by a 12d ruminal in situ incubation. Particles >2.5 mm formed the greatest dry matter, iNDF and pdNDF pools in the rumen. Passage rates of iNDF and pdNDF increased with decreasing particle size. Particle breakdown in the rumen was a relatively slow process (0.041 h -1 ). Contribution of particle breakdown to turnover of different particle size fractions of rumen iNDF decreased with decreasing particle size while the contribution of passage increased. Accumulation of iNDF in the rumen was greater than generally observed with grass-based diets and pdNDF was rapidly digested.

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Effect of Casein Infusion in the Rumen, Duodenum or Both Sites on Factors Affecting Forage Intake and Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Red Clover-Grass Silage

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis

Evaluation of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis

Evaluation of concentrate factors affecting silage intake of dairy cows: a development of the relative total diet intake index

Estimation of digesta kinetics of different particle size fractions using rumen evacuation technique in dairy cows fed red clover-grass silag

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