Effect of Casein and Soy Protein
Isolate on Vitamin B(6) Nutritional
Status in Rats

Lu, Shao‐Chun; Huang, Po-Chao

doi:10.1159/000456974

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, the pyridoxine status is likely to be low at weaning. Moreover, as in rats (Lu & Huang, 1997) and in humans subjects (Bender, 1999), the reduced quality and increased quantity of protein in the post-weaning feed, as opposed to sows' milk, would further increase the B 6 needs, because of an increased interconversion and oxidation of amino acids; those metabolic pathways are, in many cases, pyridoxal phosphate dependent. In fact, in weaned piglets, it was suggested that the dietary levels of B 6 which maximise growth performance would be two to five times higher than for the growing±finishing pigs (Adams et al 1967;Ko Èsters & Kirchgessner, 1976;Bretzinger, 1991;National Research Council, 1998).…”

Section: Vitamin B 6 : Pyridoxal: Glucose: Tryptophan: Weanling Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Matte

Girard

Sève³

2001

Br J Nutr

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The present experiment aimed to determine the effect of feeding level and parenteral supplements of vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) on B 6 status as well as on glucose, C-peptide, insulin, a-amino-N and urea after a gastric bolus of glucose in weaned piglets; the plasma tryptophan, xanthurenic acid and kynurenine responses to a gastric bolus of tryptophan were also measured. Forty-two piglets weaned at 2 weeks of age were distributed in seven blocks of six animals each. Within each block, the animals were assigned to the following factorial treatments: two levels of feeding (28 (F28) and 56 (F56) g/kg 0´75 per d) administered by gastric-tube feeding and three levels of parenteral (intramuscular injections) vitamin B 6 (0 (B 6 0), 15 (B 6 15) and 30 (B 6 30) mg/ d). In B 6 0 piglets, a decrease of 30 % and 20 % in erythrocyte and plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate respectively, were observed during the 2 weeks post-weaning. In supplemented piglets, the erythrocyte pyridoxal-5-phosphate was maximised in B 6 15 piglets at a level 3±4 times higher than in B 6 0 piglets P , 0´003X However, in plasma the maximal pyridoxal-5-phosphate concentration was reached in F28±B 6 30 piglets P , 0´058X The glucose and insulin responses to a gastric bolus of glucose were lower, and the post-bolus decrease of glucose was slower, in F28 than in F56 piglets P , 0´0001X The insulin:C-peptide ratio was 25 % greater in B 6 15 piglets P , 0´082X After the bolus of glucose, the aminoacidaemia decreased differentially according to treatments P , 0´047 while the uraemia was at least 2-fold higher P , 0´001 in F28 piglets than in F56 piglets and tended to be maximised in B 6 30 piglets P , 0´074X The response of plasma tryptophan to the gastric bolus of tryptophan was 11 % lower in B 6 30 piglets P , 0´057X The plasma concentration of kynurenine increased continuously during the post-bolus period and this response was more marked in F56 P , 0´002 and in B 6 30 piglets P , 0´02X Xanthurenic acid was undetectable in any of the treatments. The measurements on pyridoxine status suggest that the present basal dietary level of B 6 (7´7 mg/kg) was not sufficient to cover the metabolic needs. For many criteria, an optimal level was reached at 15 mg/d parenteral B 6 but the response of urea to glucose bolus suggests that 30 mg/d was detrimental. Further studies are necessary to determine the dietary level of B 6 equivalent to the present optimal parenteral supplements and its eventual effects on B 6 status and post-weaning growth performance of piglets.

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Section: Vitamin B 6 : Pyridoxal: Glucose: Tryptophan: Weanling Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Matte

Girard

Sève³

2001

Br J Nutr

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“…In fact, sow milk is a poor dietary source of B 6 (Benedikt et al 1996), approximately 0•4 mg/ml, which is believed to cover less than half the amount required to sustain the piglet growth rate (Coburn, 1994). Moreover, as in rats (Lu & Huang, 1997) and humans (Bender, 1999), the reduced quality and increased quantity of protein in the postweaning feed, as opposed to dam's milk, would further increase the B 6 needs, because of an increased interconversion and oxidation of amino acids; those metabolic pathways are, in many cases, B 6 -dependent. The interaction between metabolic utilization of B 6 and protein accretion or growth rate (Matte et al 1997(Matte et al , 2001) has been also linked to its action on insulin, a key hormone for protein synthesis and deposition (Davis et al 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Some aspects of the pyridoxine (vitamin B₆) requirement in weanling piglets

Matte

Giguère²,

Girard³

2005

Br J Nutr

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Four trials were carried out to determine the optimal level of dietary pyridoxine (vitamin B 6 ) and its interaction with riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ) in earlyweaned piglets. In Trial 1, twelve piglets were tube-fed graded supplements of B 6 , 0, 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg. The level of 50 mg/kg maximized B 6 in red blood cells (P,0·05). In Trial 2, thirty-six piglets were tube-fed with four combinations of B 6 (0 v. 50 mg/kg) and B 2 (0 v. 25 mg/kg). The B 6 supplement increased (P,0·01) B 6 in red blood cells. C-peptide and insulin responses to intravenous glucose tended (P,0·08) to or decreased (P,0·03) with B 2 while no effect was observed on glucose. After gastro-enteral glucose, dietary B 2 depressed C-peptide and insulin responses in B 6 -unsupplemented piglets and increased them in B 6 -supplemented piglets (P,0·03). The glucose response tended to be higher in B 6 -supplemented piglets (P,0·06). Trials 3 and 4 were carried out in commercial conditions using either B 6 and/or B 2 supplements given during 2 weeks after weaning (Trial 3) or a B 6 supplement alone (50 mg/kg) given between 2 (weaning) and 10 weeks of age. Despite a marked and persistent increase (P,0·01) of B 6 in red blood cells in B 6 -supplemented piglets, the effect on growth performance was either none (P.0·39; Trial 3) or marginally lower ( , 22 %; P,0·03; Trial 4). In conclusion, it appears that a dietary supplement of 50 mg/kg B 6 saturated the red blood cell pool in B 6 and influenced, along with B 2 , the glucose homeostasis through the entero-insular axis. Nevertheless, such metabolic effects are not reflected on growth performance.

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“…In a rat study, after being fed the same vitamin B-6 intake in a B-6 deficient diet for 5 wk and given a tryptophan load, rats fed soy protein isolate excreted twice the amount of urinary xanthurenic acid in 24 h compared with rats fed casein. Moreover, lower erythrocyte aminotransferase activity also indicated reduced vitamin B-6 status in the rats fed soy protein (Lu and Huang 1997). The results suggest that the source of dietary protein significantly affected the B-6 status in these rats.…”

Section: Dietary Factors Affecting Statusmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…There has been limited information regarding the PNG content in soymilk. Moreover, a study in rats showed apart from the effect of PNG content in soy, replacing animal protein with soy protein might have an additional adverse effect on B-6 status (Lu and Huang 1997). Based on the aforementioned evidence, the goal of our study was to determine the effect of substituting soymilk for cow's milk on vitamin B-6 status in middle aged women.…”

Section: Description Of the Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from the effect of PNG content on vitamin B-6 status, there are some other factors that may affect the bioavailability of vitamin B-6 in soy. In an animal study (Lu and Huang 1997), with the same intake of vitamin B-6, rats fed soy protein isolate excreted twice the amount of urinary xanthurenic acid compared to rats fed casein along with a vitamin B-6-deficient diet for 5 weeks and given a tryptophan load. The reduced vitamin B-6 status in the rats fed soy protein was also reflected in decreased erythrocyte aminotransferase activity.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin B-6 status of middle aged women consuming soymilk versus cow's milk

Ya-na¹

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Vitamin B-6 (B-6), an essential nutrient whose coenzyme form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is required by over 100 enzymes, is involved in various metabolic processes including glycogenolysis, niacin synthesis, lipid metabolism, erythrocyte function, nervous system function, hormone modulation, immune function, and one-carbon metabolism. Pyridoxine glucoside (PNG), a less bioavailable form compared with other forms of B-6, is present in plant foods and absent in animal foods. With the recognition of health effects of soy, such as its cholesterol-lowering effect, there has been an increase in soyfoods consumption. Middle aged women frequently have marginal intakes of B-6, and many drink soymilk for its purported benefit in relieving menopausal symptoms. Although the PNG content of soymilk has not been reported, PNG content of other soyfoods ranges from 57-67% of the total B-6. The effect of substituting soymilk for cow's milk on B-6 status was examined in middle aged women (aged 36-52 y; n = 16). The study employed a crossover design: a 14-d adjustment period followed by a 28-d experimental period, during which half the subjects consumed 4 cups of cow's milk and half consumed 4 cups of soymilk per day; a 14-d washout period and a second 28-d experimental period when subjects switched to the other milk. Participants followed aself-selected B-6 restricted diet (~1 mg/d) throughout the study by following a list of prohibited or restricted foods. Three consecutive 24-h urine samples were collected and fasting blood was drawn every two weeks. Methionine loads (0.1 g/kg body weight) were given at the end of each experimental period. Plasma PLP, 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA), urinary 4-PA, and pre-and postload plasma homocysteine were determined by HPLC analysis. Using crossover ANOVA tests, mean plasma 4-PA (P = 0.001), and urinary 4-PA-to-creatinine ratio (P < 0.001) were significantly lower when soymilk was consumed. There was no evidence that the mean plasma PLP (P = 0.107) and the increase in mean plasma total homocysteine concentrations after a methionine load (P = 0.316} were different between the cow's milk and soymilk treatments. We may have reported significant effects during the soymilk versus cow's milk treatment if the study period was longer (>28 d), the diets more rigidly controlled, and our sample size was larger (n > 16) regarding these two measures. These results suggest that substituting soymilk for cow's milk has an adverse

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Effect of Casein and Soy Protein Isolate on Vitamin B(6) Nutritional Status in Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Some aspects of the pyridoxine (vitamin B₆) requirement in weanling piglets

Vitamin B-6 status of middle aged women consuming soymilk versus cow's milk

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Effect of Casein and Soy Protein Isolate on Vitamin B(6) Nutritional Status in Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B6on B6status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B6on B6status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Some aspects of the pyridoxine (vitamin B6) requirement in weanling piglets

Vitamin B-6 status of middle aged women consuming soymilk versus cow's milk

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Effects of long-term parenteral administration of vitamin B₆on B₆status and some aspects of the glucose and protein metabolism of early-weaned piglets

Some aspects of the pyridoxine (vitamin B₆) requirement in weanling piglets