Effect of Carrier Solvent Polarity on Selective Incorporation of Exogenous Δ‐tocopherol Into Muscle Membranes

Abstract

Selective incorporation of lipid-soluble antioxidants into the oxidationsensitive membrane lipids may improve the shelf life. The optimal dielectric constant for d -tocopherol incorporation into a muscle membrane fraction when the tocopherol was added before the oil was approximately 21. This shifted to a value of about 27 when oil was present in the system before addition of the antioxidant. Tocopherol concentration in the oil fraction decreased continuously with an increase of dielectric constant from 17 to 32 when the antioxidant was added before the oil. When oil was present during antioxidant addition, no change in tocopherol concentration in the oil was observed except at the highest dielectric constant (32). The uptake of tocopherol was low in both the oil and membrane fractions when the carrier had a dielectric constant of 32 (propylene glycol). A higher concentration of dtocopherol was achieved in the membrane fraction when the antioxidant was added to the system prior to the oil.

Ability of Various Polyphenolic Classes From Cranberry to Inhibit Lipid Oxidation in Mechanically Separated Turkey and Cooked Ground Pork

“…The dielectric constant of the aqueous ethanol carrier is 52 compared to 61 when using aqueous propylene glycol carrier. It has been shown that an ideal carrier dielectric constant for incorporating amphiphilic antioxidants into phospholipids membranes in the presence of neutral lipids is around 27 (Raghavan and Hultin 2005a). Further increasing the dielectric constant of the carrier decreases efficacy of the antioxidants.…”

Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Dry Soup Mix Extracts Containing Dill (Anethum sowa L.) Leaf

“…Seventy percent of the panelists rated the product as "very good" with 95% of them accepting the product. Several studies reported only on solvent soluble antioxidants which were able to protect components against oxidation of hydrophobic components like cell membrane and tissue membranes (Raghavan and Hultin 2005;Chethan and Malleshi 2007;Delouee and Urooj 2007). However, aqueous antioxidants are also gaining importance since they protect cells against oxidative stress-induced damages of cytosolic components (Hiramoto et al 2002;Bzducha and Wolosiak 2006).…”

Effect of Various Antioxidants on the Oxidative Stability of Acid and Alkali Solubilized Muscle Protein Isolates

“…The effectiveness of an antioxidant could be affected by numerous factors such as hydrogen‐donating ability, polarity, stability, partitioning and distribution of the antioxidant among various food components (Raghavan and Hultin 2004), as well as the nature and polarity of the antioxidant carrier solvents (Raghavan and Hultin 2005a). In this work, we studied antioxidants with a range of polarities, propyl gallate, BHA and δ‐tocopherol for their ability to inhibit oxidation in acid‐ and alkali‐treated cod protein isolates.…”

“…Ethanol was used as the antioxidant carrier solvent at 0.8–0.9% of the weight of protein isolates with 90% moisture content. This carrier solvent was used since in our earlier research, we found that ethanol could incorporate optimum amounts of a lipid‐soluble antioxidant, δ‐tocopherol, into oxidation‐susceptible membrane lipids (Raghavan and Hultin 2005a). The antioxidants were added to the protein isolates and were blended for 3 min in a Waring blender.…”