Effect of CaO addition on preparation of ferrotitanium from ilmenite by electrochemical reduction in CaCl2NaCl molten salt

Li, Xiong; Ye, Hua; Xu, Cunying; Li, Jian; Li, Yan; Zhang, Qibo; Zhou, Zhongren; Zhang, Yadong; Ru, Juanjian

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.195

“…This method allows the direct preparation of nanostructured TiFe from oxide precursors, such as titanium ore (ilmenite), TiO 2 , and Fe 2 O 3 , by passing an electrical current in molten salts. Hua et al conducted the synthesis at 700 °C by using mixed molten salts (CaCl 2 -NaCl) instead of pure CaCl 2 [15][16][17][18] , which successfully generated ne and homogeneous microstructures of pure TiFe with a particle size of 2-8 µm. However, at 600 °C, the titanium oxide reduction was incomplete, causing impurities, such as Fe 2 Ti and CaTiO 3 , to form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature chemical synthesis of intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles for hydrogen absorption

Kobayashi

¹

,

Yamaoka

²

,

Yamaguchi

³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Nanosizing of TiFe hydrogen storage alloy is conducted to facilitate its activation. Here, pure intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles (45 nm) were prepared using chemical reduction of oxide precursors at 600 °C, which is the lowest temperature ever used in chemical synthesis. This was achieved using a strong reducing agent (CaH 2 ) in a molten LiCl. When used for hydrogen absorption, the obtained nanoparticles surprisingly exhibited almost no hydrogen absorption. The results demonstrated that TiFe nanoparticles are more di cult to activate than the bulk powder because the oxidized surface layers of the nanoparticles become stabilized, which prevents the morphological change necessary for their activation.

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“…The main reactions of the SHS process are the reduction of iron oxide and titanium dioxide by aluminum powder to metal, as shown in Equations (1) to (3). NaClO 3 is an exothermal agent that reacts with the aluminum powder to provide heat of 2.86 kJ/g of the reacting substances to ensure that the SHS reaction takes place spontaneously and that the ferrotitanium and slag are well separated, as presented in Equation (4). The heat released per unit mass of reacting substance was calculated by Equation (5).…”

Section: Theoretical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ), a titanium-bearing ore, is abundant and economical [1,2], and is essential for the production of metallic titanium [3] and titanium-containing materials [2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Ferrotitanium is used as a steelmaking additive [18][19][20] and as a raw material for the production of ferrosilicotitanium [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preparation of Ferrotitanium Using Ilmenite with Different Reduction Degrees

Gao

¹

,

Cheng

²

,

He

³

et al. 2019

Metals

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The effect of ilmenite with different reduction degrees on the production of ferrotitanium, using a self-propagation high-temperature synthesis method with aluminum as the reducing agent, was investigated. Increasing the degree of reduction not only contributed to lower consumption of aluminum, but also lowered the oxygen content and improved the grades of titanium and iron in the ferrotitanium. The aluminum content of the ferrotitanium increased with an increase in the extent of reduction of ilmenite, so the Al2O3 content formed in the slag decreased with the constant addition of CaO and CaF2 to the Al powder. This decreased relatively the content of high-melting-point CaAl12O19 and increased the contents of low-melting-point CaAl2O4 and CaF2 in the slag, thereby promoting the separation of ferrotitanium and slag. Improving the reduction degree of ilmenite is beneficial to the preparation of ferrotitanium.

show abstract

“…This method allows the direct preparation of nanostructured TiFe from oxide precursors, such as titanium ore (ilmenite), TiO 2 , and Fe 2 O 3 , by passing an electrical current in molten salts. Hua et al conducted the synthesis at 700 °C by using mixed molten salts (CaCl 2 -NaCl) instead of pure CaCl 2 [15][16][17][18] , which successfully generated ne and homogeneous microstructures of pure TiFe with a particle size of 2-8 µm. However, at 600 °C, the titanium oxide reduction was incomplete, causing impurities, such as Here, intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles were prepared by a chemical method using inexpensive Fe(NO 3 ) 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Temperature Chemical Synthesis of Intermetallic TiFe Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Absorption

Kobayashi

¹

,

Yamaoka

²

,

Yamaguchi

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanosizing of TiFe hydrogen storage alloy is conducted to facilitate its activation. Here, pure intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles (45 nm) were prepared using chemical reduction of oxide precursors at 600 °C, which is the lowest temperature ever used in chemical synthesis. This was achieved using a strong reducing agent (CaH2) in a molten LiCl. When used for hydrogen absorption, the obtained nanoparticles surprisingly exhibited almost no hydrogen absorption. The results demonstrated that TiFe nanoparticles are more difficult to activate than the bulk powder because the oxidized surface layers of the nanoparticles become stabilized, which prevents the morphological change necessary for their activation.

show abstract

Effect of CaO addition on preparation of ferrotitanium from ilmenite by electrochemical reduction in CaCl2NaCl molten salt

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Low-temperature chemical synthesis of intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles for hydrogen absorption

Low-temperature chemical synthesis of intermetallic TiFe nanoparticles for hydrogen absorption

Preparation of Ferrotitanium Using Ilmenite with Different Reduction Degrees

Low Temperature Chemical Synthesis of Intermetallic TiFe Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Absorption

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