Effect of butyrate enemas on the colonic mucosa in distal ulcerative colitis

Scheppach, Wolfgang; Sommer, H; Kirchner, Thomas; Paganelli, Gian Maria; Bartram, Peter; Christl, Stefan U.; Richter, Frank; Dusel, Gerda; Kasper, Heinrich

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)91094-k

Cited by 670 publications

(389 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although a decreased butyrate oxidation was observed in active ulcerative colitis (Den Hond et al, 1998), there was, however, no difference between controls and patients with quiescent colitis, speaking against a primary defect in colonic butyrate oxidation (Simpson et al, 2000). Some studies demonstrate a therapeutic effect of rectal butyrate and mixed CAs in distal colitis (Scheppach et al, 1992;Vernia et al, 2003). Although well-controlled clinical trials have not fully verified this finding (Scheppach, 1996;Steinhart et al, 1996), they suggest that butyrate may be effective in a subset of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with β-glucan enriched oat bran increases faecal concentration of carboxylic acids in healthy subjects

et al. 2007

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Background/Objective: Carboxylic acids (CAs), especially butyric acid, have been suggested to counteract colonic diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and colon cancer. Colonic formation of CAs can be influenced by the diet, but the concentrations and pattern formed need to be evaluated for different food products in humans. To elucidate how the colonic concentration of CAs in healthy subjects is influenced by dietary supplementation with oat bran, and whether the concentration varies over time and during consecutive days. Subjects/Methods: Twenty-five healthy subjects (age 2471.3) were recruited to the study. The subjects were given 40 g b-glucan enriched oat bran per day, corresponding to 20 g dietary fibre, in 4 slices of bread. CAs were analysed in faeces during three consecutive days after 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks on this diet. Results: The concentration of acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric and isovaleric acid was higher (Po0.05-0.001) after 8 weeks on the oat bran diet as compared with values at entry, whereas that of lactic acid was lower (Po0.05). After 12 weeks, the concentrations of acetic, propionic and isobutyric acid were still higher and that of lactic acid lower. The variation between individuals was considerable, whereas in the same individuals there was little variation. Conclusions: Oat bran increased the faecal concentration of CAs after 8 weeks, indicating an increased concentration also in the distal colon. The concentration of all main acids increased, except for lactic acid, which decreased. Oat bran may therefore have a preventive potential adjunct to colonic diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with β-glucan enriched oat bran increases faecal concentration of carboxylic acids in healthy subjects

et al. 2007

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“…Thus, this SCFA appears to be of special relevance in relation to the welfare of the colonic epithelium. It is possible that butyric acid has a role in the pathophysiology of colonic disturbances such as ulcerative colitis (Scheppach et al, 1992), the key feature of this disease being a diminished capacity of the colonocytes to utilise butyric acid (Roedinger, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant starch content in a selection of starchy foods on the Swedish market

Elmståhl

2002

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: The objective was to determine the resistant starch (RS) content in a selection of typical starchy foods on the Swedish market. In addition, the daily RS intake was estimated from Swedish food consumption data. Design: The major forms of RS, including physically encapsulated starch, were determined with an in vitro method using chewing as a pre-step before enzymatic incubation. Setting: The study was performed at the Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Subjects: Six healthy subjects were used to chew the food products before enzymatic incubation of the samples. Results: Twenty-five cereal, potato and legume products were included in the study. The highest RS concentration was noted in the legume group (9.5 -11.1% total starch basis). Commercially processed potato products were found to have a higher RS content (4.8 -5.9%), compared with boiled potatoes (2.0%). Among the cereal products, bread with enclosure of intact rye grains, barley flakes and semolina porridge, respectively, were identified to have a RS level in the higher range (4.5 -6.0%). The daily RS intake was estimated to be 3.2 g. Conclusions:The main RS sources in the Swedish diet are bread and potato products, which contribute approximately 1.3 and 1.2 g RS per day, respectively. Based on food habits the RS intake may vary considerably, thus when added to dietary fibre intake, the contribution of RS may be of nutritional importance for certain individuals.

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“…Activation of IL-8 expression is significantly diminished in Caco-2 cells after spontaneous differentiation by growth to a post-confluent state or after treatment with compounds that inhibit cell proliferation and induce markers of a differentiated phenotype such as vitamin D and sodium butyrate [12]. The effect of butyrate on IL-8 gene expression was of particular interest to us because indirect evidence suggests that it may normally play an important role in modulating the immune response of the colonic mucosa [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The only tissue in vertebrates that is normally exposed to substantial levels of butyrate is the mucosa of the colon through the fermentation of carbohydrates by the normal colonic bacterial flora [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-level expression of IkB-b in the surface epithelium of the colon: in vitro evidence for an immunomodulatory role

Huang

Wen

et al. 1999

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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The intestinal epithelium is spatially segregated into two compartments, one containing undifferentiated cells in a proliferative state and one with non-proliferative differentiated cells. Although this epithelium can produce many immunemodulating substances, emerging evidence suggests that the differentiated cell compartment is less immune responsive. Indeed, it is the differentiated cellular compartment that represents the interface between the highly antigenic luminal environment and the mucosal immune system. The NF-B/rel family of transcriptional activators play a critical role in regulating the inflammatory response by activating a wide variety of immune-modulating genes. These transcription factors are maintained in an inactive state in the cytoplasmic compartment by interaction with inhibitory proteins of the I B family. In this study we show by immunohistochemistry that I B-␤ is expressed at high levels specifically in the differentiated surface epithelium of the colonic mucosa. Using a naturally occurring compound found in the colon of vertebrates, butyrate, we provide evidence in an intestinal cell line that alteration of I B-␤ expression can modulate the transcriptional activation of the interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene by preventing the nuclear translocation of NF-B proteins. Therefore, the expression of I B-␤ in the differentiated surface epithelium of the colon may help these cells act as an immunological barrier to prevent activation of the mucosal immune system.

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Effect of butyrate enemas on the colonic mucosa in distal ulcerative colitis

Cited by 670 publications

References 28 publications

Dietary supplementation with β-glucan enriched oat bran increases faecal concentration of carboxylic acids in healthy subjects

Dietary supplementation with β-glucan enriched oat bran increases faecal concentration of carboxylic acids in healthy subjects

Resistant starch content in a selection of starchy foods on the Swedish market

High-level expression of IkB-b in the surface epithelium of the colon: in vitro evidence for an immunomodulatory role

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