Effect of Butler's neural tissue mobilization and Mulligan's bent leg raise on pain and straight leg raise in patients of low back ache

Effectiveness of mobilization with movement (Mulligan concept techniques) on low back pain: a systematic review

“…Method of randomization was clearly reported in 11 studies. 18,24,26–29,31,32,36,37,40 Patients were blinded in only four studies, 26,27,29,35 and in no studies were the clinicians who administered the interventions blinded. However, due to the nature of interventions, it seems that blinding of the clinicians was not feasible.…”

“…26,27,29 In this review, 13 studies did not report sufficient information about drop-out rate or lost to follow-up. 25,27,30–40 Other common areas of bias with the included trials were with treatment allocation concealment, 18,23–25,28–30,33–41 two studies failed to conduct an intention-to-treat analysis, 18,23 while 13 studies did not provide adequate information regarding their intention-to-treat analysis, 25,27,30–40 one study had selective reporting bias, 37 one study failed to match intervention and control groups at baseline, 41 and in one trial the compliance was not acceptable. 38 On-line Supplementary Appendix 7 summarizes the risk of bias of the included studies.…”

“…The majority of the included trials (eight studies) enrolled low back pain patients with radiculopathy. 18,31,35,37,38,40,41 Four studies recruited chronic low back pain patients, 25,28,34,39 whereas one study included acute low back pain patients, 32 one study included acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain patients, 27 one study recruited non-specific low back pain patients, 33 and one trial included facet syndrome patients 23 . However, two studies did not provide detailed information on the low back pain subclassification.…”

“…In all, 13 of the 20 included studies were conducted in India, 18,23,24,[30][31][32][33][35][36][37][38]40,41 while the remaining clinical trials were from the United Kingdom, 29 Australia, 26 Belgium, 27 Egypt, 25,28,34 and Pakistan. 39 The effects of various Mulligan techniques on low back pain were reported in the literature.…”

“…One study included participants with mild-to-moderate scoliosis, 19 two studies utilized a pretest-posttest design and did not contain a control group, 20,21 and one study utilized a singleparticipant quasi experimental design. 22 Thus, a total of 20 clinical trials were included in this systematic review 18,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] (Figure 1). randomization was clearly reported in 11 studies.…”