Effect of burial environment on crocodile bones from Hawara excavation, Fayoum, Egypt

Abdel-Maksoud, Gomaa; Abdelhady, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2010.12.002

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[ 102 ], Behrensmeyer [ 103 ], Cook & Trueman [ 14 ], Haynes [ 104 ], Karr & Outram [ 105 ], Schmeisser McKean & Gillette [ 106 ], Njau & Blumenschine [ 27 ], Fernández-Jalvo & Andrews [ 107 ], Behrensmeyer et al . [ 108 ], Andrews & Cook [ 109 ], Andrews [ 110 ], Abdel-Maksoud & Abdel-Hady [ 111 ], Nicholson [ 112 ], Voorhies [ 28 ], Boaz & Behrensmeyer [ 29 ], Coard [ 17 ], and Coard & Dennell [ 33 ]. It should be noted that classification stages do not need to correspond between categories.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Open cavities are completely crushed, solid areas are heavily distorted PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF scavenging marks (following Njau & Blumenschine [ 27 ], Fernández-Jalvo & Andrews [ 107 ], and Andrews [ 110 ]) bite marks: partial or complete holes, pits, punctures gnaw marks: sets of parallel grooves on bone – straight or curved, furrows, ragged edges, square-based grooves mosaic fractures (modified from Prassack [ 101 ] and Behrensmeyer [ 103 ]) cracks on bone surface that create a ‘mosaic-like’ pattern, and do not penetrate cortical bone trampling marks (following Fernández-Jalvo & Andrews [ 107 ], Behrensmeyer et al . [ 108 ] and Andrews & Cook [ 109 ]) closely spaced multiple parallel striations coloration/staining (following Abdel-Maksoud & Abdel-Hady [ 111 ], Behrensmeyer [ 103 ] and Nicholson [ 112 ]) variation in coloration of bone surfaces or matrix: mottling, concentric bands, gradational colour change alignment with substrate bedding planes—cross beds, planar laminated beds, etc. axial skeleton and/or dorsal surface of cranial elements alignment with bedding plane TRANSPORT POTENTIAL Voorhies transport potential (for disarticulated elements) (modified from Voorhies [ 28 ], Boaz & Behrensmeyer [ 29 ] and Cook & Trueman [ 14 ]) group I : Immediately transported by flotation or by saltation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any discolorations or patterns of staining on both the bone and surrounding matrix were also noted ( table 2 ). Staining can indicate presence of mineral-rich waters flowing around and through the bones, anaerobic bacterial activity or exposure to fire [ 103 , 111 , 112 ]. Bleaching could indicate prolonged exposure to UV radiation prior to burial [ 111 ], although prolonged UV exposure would typically present as weathering Stage 3 depending on mineralization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taphonomy ofIsisfordia duncanispecimens from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) portion of the Winton Formation, Isisford, central-west Queensland

Syme¹,

Salisbury²

2018

R. Soc. open sci.

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Taphonomic analysis of fossil material can benefit from including the results of actualistic decay experiments. This is crucial in determining the autochthony or allochthony of fossils of juvenile and adult Isisfordia duncani, a basal eusuchian from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) distal-fluvial-deltaic lower Winton Formation near Isisford. The taphonomic characteristics of the I. duncani fossils were documented using a combination of traditional taphonomic analysis alongside already published actualistic decay data from juvenile Crocodylus porosus carcasses. We found that the I. duncani holotype, paratypes and referred specimens show little signs of weathering and no signs of abrasion. Disarticulated skeletal elements are often found in close proximity to the rest of the otherwise articulated skeleton. The isolated and disarticulated skeletal elements identified, commonly cranial, maxillary and mandibular elements, are typical of lag deposits. The holotype QM F36211 and paratype QM F34642 were classified as autochthonous, and the remaining I. duncani paratypes and referred specimens are parautochthonous. We propose that I. duncani inhabited upper and lower delta plains near the Eromanga Sea in life. Their carcasses were buried in sediment-laden floodwaters in delta plain overbank and distributary channel deposits. Future studies should refer to I. duncani as a brackish water tolerant species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Taphonomy ofIsisfordia duncanispecimens from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) portion of the Winton Formation, Isisford, central-west Queensland

Syme¹,

Salisbury²

2018

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…pH value for bone and soil samples was (7.4), which represents the mean value of 3 readings for each sample (7.4-7.6). We conclude that the cause of bones presse-rvation for the long period of time in the burial environment is due to its presence in a balanced suitable environment, where it is known as a protective for bones than the acidic ones, which cause significant deterioration for the bones [18].…”

Section: Soil and Bone Ph Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Burial Habits of Human Skeletal Remains in Jars From Archaeological Site of Sahab, Jordan: A Bio-Archaeological and Conservation Study

Dalou

Elserogy

Ibrahim³

2017

Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies

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This bio-archaeological and conservation study aimed to analyze and expand our understanding of the aspects of ancient people death practices, lived in Sahab, Jordan through conducting research on human skeletal remains found buried in Jars. After moving one of the big jars from the stores of Faculty of Archaeology and Anthropology-Yarmouk University of Jordan into the laboratory, the materials were separated and laid down in a scientific manner. Sex, age, and stature were estimated and pathologies were investigated. Samples were taken in order to monitor pH, and to conduct FTIR, XRD, and XRF. The materials were cleaned used different types of standardized methods. After that, the skeletons were consolidated, and some broken parts were brought together. In the last stage, the skeletons were coated as a preventive measure. Analysis conducted on these human skeletal remains showed that three human skeletons (one adult female, and a fetus (unknown sex), and an infant (unknown sex) were buried together in this jar. The preservation was very good as predicted by the monitored value of bone and soil samples pH with an average of 7.4. Different scenarios of their death and burial practices will be discussed.

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“…The dyes and organic stains used in silk textiles in Islamic Art museum in Cairo, Egypt were characterized as new approach for conservation treatment [12]. FTIR elucidated the changes in the chemical stability of archaeological bones as an effect of the burial environment on crocodile bones from Hawara excavation in Fayoum, Egypt [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and computational study of three coptic icons in Saint Mercurius Monastery, Egypt

2019

Biointerface Res Appl Chem

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Three wooden Coptic icons located at Saint Mercurius Monastery in Tamooh, Giza, Egypt were comprehensively investigated in order to determine the possible causes of their deterioration. Samples from every paint used in each icon were collected spanning from the outermost varnish layer down to the ground layer. Investigation was carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). For interaction between the icon layers DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31g(d,p) level were conducted in order to study the effect of humidity on the reactivity of the binder material and its possible role in the deterioration of the icons.

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Effect of burial environment on crocodile bones from Hawara excavation, Fayoum, Egypt

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Taphonomy ofIsisfordia duncanispecimens from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) portion of the Winton Formation, Isisford, central-west Queensland

Taphonomy ofIsisfordia duncanispecimens from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) portion of the Winton Formation, Isisford, central-west Queensland

Burial Habits of Human Skeletal Remains in Jars From Archaeological Site of Sahab, Jordan: A Bio-Archaeological and Conservation Study

Analytical and computational study of three coptic icons in Saint Mercurius Monastery, Egypt

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