Effect of breed of horse on muscle carnosine concentration

Bump, K.D.; Lawrence, L.M.; Moser, Lutz; Miller-Graber, Peggy A.; Kurcz, E

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(90)90064-y

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, when the relation between the carnosine concentration and the number of Type IIX fiber was examined, a significant positive correlation (rϭ0.646, pϽ0.05) was found ( Table 2). This finding suggested that the carnosine concentration was high in the individuals who had a great many Type IIX fibers, and it was almost the same as that reported in the previous study, which used horses [14,15]. Bump et al [14] suggest that Type IIB fiber and carnosine content are higher in quarter horses (sprinters) than in thoroughbreds and standard breeds, and that significant correlations (pϽ0.05) were found between the carnosine content and the % Type IIB fiber.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

“…This finding suggested that the carnosine concentration was high in the individuals who had a great many Type IIX fibers, and it was almost the same as that reported in the previous study, which used horses [14,15]. Bump et al [14] suggest that Type IIB fiber and carnosine content are higher in quarter horses (sprinters) than in thoroughbreds and standard breeds, and that significant correlations (pϽ0.05) were found between the carnosine content and the % Type IIB fiber. Moreover, Sewell et al [15] suggest that the estimated carnosine concentration is more than double in Type IIB fiber than what it is in Type IIA.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

“…In research on the relation between muscle fiber types and exercise performance, the changes in muscle fiber types caused by various types of training were evaluated by the use of a subtype category of the muscle fiber type. However, research that examines the relation between the carnosine concentration and the subtype of Type II fiber are conducted only on horses [14,15] and camels [16], and no research in humans has yet been done undertaken.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High Level of Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Contributes to the Latter Half of Exercise Performance during 30-s Maximal Cycle Ergometer Sprinting.

Suzuki

Ito²,

Mukai³

et al. 2002

JJP

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been suggested that decreasing muscle pH because of the accumulation of lactic acid is a fatigue factor during high-intensity exercise [1][2][3]. Lactic acid production in muscle releases lactate (Lac Ϫ ) and hydrogen ions (H ϩ ) within the physiological pH range. Therefore the accumulation of lactic acid causes metabolic acidosis. The decrease of intracellular pH brings about muscle fatigue through several mechanisms such as decreasing skeletal muscle tension, relaxation [4], and the inhibition of phosphofructokinase activity [5]. However, the body has an ability to restrain the decrease of intracellular pH, which is known as buffering capacity. It has been suggested that a higher buffering capacity can better stabilize the intracellular pH and better enhance the capability for high-intensity exercise performance.Most intracellular buffering within the skeletal muscle is accomplished by proteins, dibasic inorganic phosphate, bicarbonate, and carnosine [6]. A large amount of the histidine-containing dipeptide carnosine (␤-alanyl-L-histidine) has been shown to be present within the skeletal muscle of most vertebrate species [7]. It has been suggested that the carnosine significantly contributes to the physicochemical Japanese Journal of Physiology, 52, 199-205, 2002 Key words: carnosine, buffering capacity, acid-base balance, fiber-type distribution, high-intensity exercise. Abstract:The histidine-containing dipeptide carnosine (␤-alanyl-L-histidine) has been shown to significantly contribute to the physicochemical buffering in skeletal muscles, which maintains acid-base balance when a large quantity of H ϩ is produced in association with lactic acid accumulation during high-intensity exercise. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relations among the skeletal muscle carnosine concentration, fiber-type distribution, and high-intensity exercise performance. The subjects were 11 healthy men. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the vastus lateralis at rest. The carnosine concentration was determined by the use of an amino acid autoanalyzer. The fiber-type distribution was determined by the staining intensity of myosin adenosinetriphosphatase. The high-intensity exercise performance was assessed by the use of 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting. A significant correlation was demonstrated between the carnosine concentration and the type IIX fiber composition (rϭ0.646, pϽ0.05). The carnosine concentration was significantly correlated with the mean power per body mass (rϭ0.785, pϽ0.01) during the 30-s sprinting. When dividing the sprinting into 6 phases (0-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-25, 26-30 s), significant correlations were observed between the carnosine concentration and the mean power per body mass of the final 2 phases (21-25 s: rϭ0.694, pϽ0.05; 26-30 s: rϭ0.660, pϽ0.05). These results indicated that the carnosine concentration could be an important factor in determining the high-intensity exercise performance.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 75%

supporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High Level of Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Contributes to the Latter Half of Exercise Performance during 30-s Maximal Cycle Ergometer Sprinting.

Suzuki

Ito²,

Mukai³

et al. 2002

JJP

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous work by Bump, Lawrence, Moser, Miller-Graber & Kurcz (1990) has shown a higher carnosine content in the muscle of quarterhorses (39 2 jtmol (g wet muscle)-1) than in thoroughbreds (31P3 1mol (g wet muscle)-') and standardbreds (276 /amol (g wet muscle)-1). The higher content of carnosine in quarterhorses is consistent with the greater percentage of fast twitch glycolytic fibres found in this breed (Snow & Guy, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Estimation of the carnosine content of different fibre types in the middle gluteal muscle of the thoroughbred horse.

Sewell

Harris

Marlin

et al. 1992

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. Skeletal muscle samples were obtained by needle biopsy from one of two depths of the m. gluteus medius in a group of twenty race-trained thoroughbred horses.2. The content of carnosine was determined in each muscle sample, part of which was used for histochemical analysis. Fibres were classified as type I, type IIA or type IIB on the basis of the pH dependent lability of the myosin ATPase reaction.3. Muscle samples with a higher type II fibre section area (FSA) have a higher carnosine content than those with a higher type I FSA.4. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the mean carnosine content of individual fibre types. The results estimated a mean carnosine content in type I fibres of 54 mmol (kg dry muscle (DM))-1, in type IIA fibres 85 mmol (kg DM)-and in type IIB fibres 180 mmol (kg DM)-1.5. Based on the estimated values of single fibre carnosine content, there was close concordance between the estimated and the measured carnosine content of mixed fibre samples.6. It would appear from this and other studies that carnosine has an important role as a physico-chemical buffer in equine middle gluteal muscle and that this is greatest in type IIB fibres, where it may account for up to 50 % of physico-chemical buffering of H+ produced by muscle in the pH range 7-1-6-5.

show abstract

“…However, the content varies greatly among different species and different regions of muscle [Davey (1960)]. Since it has been indicated that carnosine is found more in Type II fi ber than Type I [Bump et al (1990); Harris et al (1998); Suzuki et al (2002)] and that sprinters have higher carnosine concentration and show longer endurance time in anaerobic speed test than either marathon runners or untrained people [Parkhouse et al (1984)], it can be inferred that sprint training increases carnosine concentration. Mannion et al (1992) measured carnosine concentration in vastus lateralis muscle of 50 ordinary healthy males and females, noting that carnosine concentration in males is signifi cantly higher than in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sprint Training on Skeletal Muscle Carnosine in Humans

Suzuki

Ito

Takahashi

et al. 2004

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been suggested that histidine-containing dipeptide carnosine (ß It has been suggested that histidine-containing dipeptide carnosine (ß It has been suggested that histidine-containing dipeptide carnosine ( -alanyl-L-histidine), which is believed to act as a cytosolic buffering agent, is present predominantly in skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sprint training (30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting) on muscle carnosine concentration. Six untrained males trained 2 days per week for 8 weeks on an electronic-braked cycle ergometer. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the vastus lateralis before and two days after the last training session and were analyzed for carnosine concentration by the use of an amino acid autoanalyzer. The carnosine concentration was signifi cantly increased after sprint training (P concentration was signifi cantly increased after sprint training (P concentration was signifi cantly increased after sprint training ( < 0.05). The mean power P < 0.05). The mean power P during 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting was signifi cantly increased following training. When dividing the 30-s sprinting into 6 phases (0-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-25, 26-30 s), the magnitude of increase in mean power was signifi cantly larger for the last 2 phases than the fi rst phase (P fi rst phase (P fi rst phase ( < 0.05). These results suggest that the increases in skeletal muscle carnosine P < 0.05). These results suggest that the increases in skeletal muscle carnosine P concentration following sprint training may be associated with the increase in sustainability of high power during 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting.

show abstract

Effect of breed of horse on muscle carnosine concentration

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

High Level of Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Contributes to the Latter Half of Exercise Performance during 30-s Maximal Cycle Ergometer Sprinting.

High Level of Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Contributes to the Latter Half of Exercise Performance during 30-s Maximal Cycle Ergometer Sprinting.

Estimation of the carnosine content of different fibre types in the middle gluteal muscle of the thoroughbred horse.

The Effect of Sprint Training on Skeletal Muscle Carnosine in Humans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About