Effect of botulinum toxin type A, motor imagery and motor observation on motor function of hemiparetic upper limb after stroke

Abstract

Combined treatment may be a viable rehabilitation option in post-stroke patients with disability to upper-extremity motor function, however further investigations are needed to determine its reproducibility in larger case series or clinical trials.

Utilization of motor imagery in upper limb rehabilitation: a systematic scoping review

“…The most common reasons for exclusion were healthy subjects (331), not a motor imagery study (223), or assessment only focus (199). The 48 included studies consisted of 37 studies with outcomes focused on motor function 4–40 (Table 1), five on neglect 41–45 (Table 2), and six on pain46–51 (Table 3). There were 24 randomized controlled trials, 4,5,7,8,10–12,14–16,23,24,26,31–33,35–38,44,46–...…”

“…Multisensory imagery was used in 14 motor function, 6–13,17,29,31,33,34,40 one neglect, 45 and one pain study. 51 Method of prompting imagery was; audio recorded in 13 studies, 4–11,17,26,29,33,51 audio live in 10 studies, 15,20,24,32,34,37,40,42,44,45 visually recorded in pictures or video in 13 studies, 14,18,21,23,28,30,36,43,46–50 visual demonstration in three studies, 25,40,41 a mix of audio and visual prompts in three studies, 12,13,31 written instructions, 19 self-initiated, 38 and not stated. 16,22,27,35…”

“…Five studies described both perspectives 5,6,33,34,40 and one study 32 allowed either perspective. Fifteen studies 13,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,35,41–43,46,47 did not report the perspective used.…”

“…The majority of studies have been done with individuals post stroke. Studies have assessed the efficacy of motor imagery to improve motor function post stroke, 4–36 hand burns, 37 tendon surgery, 38,39 and quadriplegia. 40 Its efficacy has also been assessed to reduce neglect post stroke 41–45 and to reduce pain in complex regional pain syndrome46–50 or phantom limb pain.…”

Análisis bibliométrico: la terapia de espejo como estrategia de intervención desde la terapia ocupacional en el ámbito clínico

“…A partir de la revisión del resumen de los 42 artículos, se clasificaron de acuerdo con las condiciones de salud intervenidas mediante la terapia de espejo. 18 reportes de investigación (42,9 %) corresponden a intervenciones en ecv (4,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), 3 documentos (7,3%) desde la perspectiva de rehabilitación general orientados hacia intervenciones terapéuticas para función y estructura (21-23), 5 artículos (12 %) a síndrome regional complejo (1,, 4 artículos en intervenciones para miembro fantasma (9,5%) (2, 28-30), y, en menor cantidad, producción académica orientada a la actualización de profesionales para el abordaje de destrezas motoras y sensoperceptuales en miembros superiores (31)(32)(33)(34)(35), dolor crónico y otras condiciones de salud (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47). La tabla 2 describe la frecuencia de las investigaciones según condición de salud.…”