Effect of boron oxide on the microstructure of mullite-based glass-ceramic glazes for floor-tiles in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system

Torres, Francisco J.; Sola, Esther Ruiz de; Alarcón, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.04.020

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several applications have developed for these glass ceramics such as dental materials, ceramic matrix composites and glazes for floor tiles. 16 Cordierite-mullite materials fabricated via conventional ceramic route have been in use for many years for their good thermo-mechanical properties in some applications e.g., kiln furniture, but cordierite-mullite glass ceramics have attracted little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of BaO and Al2O3 addition on the crystallization behaviour of cordierite glass ceramics in the presence of V2O5 nucleant

Marghussian

Balazadegan

Eftekhari-yekta

2009

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of BaO and Al2O3 addition on the crystallization behaviour of cordierite glass ceramics in the presence of V2O5 nucleant

Marghussian

Balazadegan

Eftekhari-yekta

2009

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…The B‐rich frit is added to the mixture to act both as low‐temperature flux and to promote melting of the feldspars, as an eutectic point occurs in the B+alkalies system 18 . The effect of B 2 O 3 on the microstructure of mullite‐based glass–ceramic glazes for floor‐tiles is well described in the literature 19 . Glasses with larger amounts of B 2 O 3 improved the melting characteristics with the sintering of B 2 O 3 ‐containing glasses taking place in the range between 850° and 1050°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Development of Low‐Firing B‐Fluxed Stoneware Tiles

Gualtieri

2009

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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In a global period of economic recession, innovation is a key requisite to get over this critical phase and prompt an upturn in the economy. Even the market of traditional ceramics is in a stalemate and producers desperately seek for new ideas which may supersede the long‐used stoneware tiles. This paper presents the full characterization of a new potential class of ceramics named low‐temperature stoneware tiles, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The body formulation and the firing process are both covered by an Italian Patent. This innovative product exhibits technological and esthetical features analogous to those of the traditional stoneware tile bodies but is fired at a maximum temperature of 950°C, about 250°C lower than the firing temperature of stoneware tiles. This is possible thanks to the addition of a B‐rich frit to the mixture composed of quartz, feldspars, and clays. The frit acts as a low‐temperature flux and promotes the melting of the feldspars. Within the fired body, the residual phases are quartz and feldspars. The newly formed phases can be β‐spodumene if Li is present in the frit or spinel if Mg is present in the natural materials. The best body formulations have been characterized with mineralogical, microscopic, and technological methods. The major weakness of these ceramic bodies is their unresistance to acids. The chemical nature of the sintered matrix, with a high content of alkalies and B, triggers off the tendency of the ceramic body to react in contact with acidic solutions. Another penalty factor is the cost of the B‐rich frit used in the formulation of the ceramic mixture which increases the overall cost of the ceramic body.

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“…While DBP has SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, and CaO as major oxides consisting of CaO‐MgO‐Al 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 quaternary system, according to the oxides content, its phase composition is located at diopside‐quartz‐anorthite‐clinoenstatite area. It is necessary to point out that considerable content of MgO and CaO (bring by high content of diopside) made the phase composition of DBP deviate from the mullite phase formation area since low content of MgO and CaO in CaO‐MgO‐Al 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 quaternary system could have phase composition located at the mullite phase formation area . During firing, anorthite is developed by diopside and metakaolin (Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 ) which originated from the kaolin dehydroxylation process according to the following reactions proposed:

{Al}_{2} {normalO}_{3} \cdot 2 {SiO}_{2} \cdot 2 {normalH}_{2} O {false\to}_{}^{\sim 550^{\circ} C} {Al}_{2} {normalO}_{3} \cdot 2 {SiO}_{2} + 2 {normalH}_{2} O

\begin{matrix} {Al}_{2} {normalO}_{3} \cdot 2 {SiO}_{2} + CaO \cdot MgO \cdot 2 {SiO}_{2} {false\to}_{}^{\sim 1000^{\circ} C} CaO \cdot {Al}_{2} {normalO}_{3} \cdot 2 {SiO}_{2} + \\ MgO \cdot {SiO}_{2} + {SiO}_{2} \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to point out that considerable content of MgO and CaO (bring by high content of diopside) made the phase composition of DBP deviate from the mullite phase formation area since low content of MgO and CaO in CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 quaternary system could have phase composition located at the mullite phase formation area. 24 During firing, anorthite is developed by diopside and metakaolin (Al 2 O 3 Á2SiO 2 ) which originated from the kaolin dehydroxylation process 1 according to the following reactions proposed: Figure 4B) implies that iron ions brought by kaolin probably have entered the lattice of diopside crystal. Diopside mineral is free from new phase formation and polymorphic transition while heating, so the feasible way for iron ions dissolving into the diopside lattice is diffusion through solid-state reaction.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

White porcelain material based on diopside

et al. 2017

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The intention of the present study was to develop an alternative composition for making porcelain material using diopside as the main raw material. Particle size distribution, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer, and field emission scanning electron microscope were carried out to characterize the body. Alfa‐quartz, diopside, anorthite, and clinoenstatite were major phases of fired sample. The flexural strength, 131.54 MPa, was two times higher than that of conventional porcelains. During firing, iron ions were diffused into diopside crystal lattice giving the porcelain body a favorable whiteness. It is applicable in preparation of porcelain material using diopside as the main raw material.

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Effect of boron oxide on the microstructure of mullite-based glass-ceramic glazes for floor-tiles in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

The effect of BaO and Al2O3 addition on the crystallization behaviour of cordierite glass ceramics in the presence of V2O5 nucleant

The effect of BaO and Al2O3 addition on the crystallization behaviour of cordierite glass ceramics in the presence of V2O5 nucleant

Development of Low‐Firing B‐Fluxed Stoneware Tiles

White porcelain material based on diopside

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