Effect of black carbon particles on the efficiency of water droplet freezing

Kireeva, Elena D.; Popovicheva, O. B.; Persiantseva, N. M.; Khokhlova, Tatiana D.; Shonija, Natalia K.

doi:10.1134/s1061933x09030090

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(3). This procedure was important to account for the fact that ice formation could be influenced by BC (DeMott et al, 1999;Cozic et al, 2008;Kireeva et al, 2009). In addition to the convective case hypothesis, we verified whether the precipitation suppression observed for the less unstable case could link to the presence of stratiform clouds.…”

Section: Observational Evidencementioning

confidence: 66%

Influence of biomass aerosol on precipitation over the Central Amazon: an observational study

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Understanding the influence of biomass burning aerosol on clouds and precipitation in the Amazon is key to reducing uncertainties in simulations of climate change scenarios with regard to deforestation fires. Here, we associate rainfall characteristics obtained from an S-band radar in the Amazon with in situ measurements of biomass burning aerosol for the entire year of 2009. The most important results were obtained during the dry season (July-December). The results indicate that the influence of aerosol on precipitating systems is modulated by the atmospheric degree of instability. For less unstable atmospheres, the higher the aerosol concentration is, the lower the precipitation is over the region. In contrast, for more unstable cases, higher concentrations of black carbon are associated with greater precipitation, increased ice content, and larger rain cells; this finding suggests an association with long-lived systems. The results presented are statistically significant. However, due to limitations imposed by the available data set, important features, such as the contribution of each mechanism to the rainfall suppression, need further investigation. Regional climate model simulations with aircraft and radar measurements would help clarify these questions.

show abstract

Section: Observational Evidencementioning

confidence: 66%

Influence of biomass aerosol on precipitation over the Central Amazon: an observational study

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on these results, while mineral dust and biological particles are generally regarded as efficient ice nuclei (Morris et al, 2004;Connolly et al, 2009;Niemand et al, 2012), ice nucleation within mixed-phase clouds involving soot and organic particles is still not as clearly demonstrated due to the diverse chemical composition and different experimental conditions (DeMott, 1990;Kireeva et al, 2009). On the other hand, sea salt and sulfates are often not considered as efficient ice nuclei under mixed-phase conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of individual ice residual particles by the single droplet freezing method: a case study in the Asian dust outflow region

Iwata

Matsuki

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In order to better characterize ice nucleating (IN) aerosol particles in the atmosphere, we investigated the chemical composition, mixing state, and morphology of atmospheric aerosols that nucleate ice under conditions relevant for mixed-phase clouds. Five standard mineral dust samples (quartz, K-feldspar, Na-feldspar, Arizona test dust, and Asian dust source particles) were compared with actual aerosol particles collected from the west coast of Japan (the city of Kanazawa) during Asian dust events in February and April 2016. Following droplet activation by particles deposited on a hydrophobic Si (silicon) wafer substrate under supersaturated air, individual IN particles were located using an optical microscope by gradually cooling the temperature to −30 • C. For the aerosol samples, both the IN active particles and non-active particles were analyzed individually by atomic force microscopy (AFM), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Heterogeneous ice nucleation in all standard mineral dust samples tested in this study was observed at consistently higher temperatures (e.g., −22.2 to −24.2 • C with K-feldspar) than the homogeneous freezing temperature (−36.5 • C). Meanwhile, most of the IN active atmospheric particles formed ice below −28 • C, i.e., at lower temperatures than the standard mineral dust samples of pure components. The most abundant IN active particles above −30 • C were predominantly irregular solid particles that showed clay mineral characteristics (or mixtures of several mineral components). Other than clay, Ca-rich particles internally mixed with other components, such as sulfate, were also regarded as IN active particle types. Moreover, sea salt particles were predominantly found in the non-active fraction, and internal mixing with sea salt clearly acted as a significant inhibiting agent for the ice nucleation activity of mineral dust particles. Also, relatively pure or fresh calcite, Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 particles were more often found in the non-active fraction. In this study, we demonstrated the capability of the combined single droplet freezing method and thorough individual particle analysis to characterize the ice nucleation activity of atmospheric aerosols. We also found that dramatic changes in the particle mixing states during long-range transport had a complex effect on the ice nucleation activity of the host aerosol particles. A case study in the Asian dust outflow region highlighted the need to consider particle mixing states, which can dramatically influence ice nucleation activity.

show abstract

“…Modelling studies show that if BC is an efficient IN, its 20 impact on cirrus cloud formation would be significant (Penner et al, 2009;Barahona, 2012). Although studies disagree on whether BC can act as IN (Gorbunov et al, 2001;Friedman et al, 2011;Kireeva et al, 2009;Fornea et al, 2009;Dymarska et al, 2006), the majority of laboratory studies argue that BC is a poor IN compared to mineral dust and biological particles, in that BC needs colder temperatures to initiate ice formation (Hoose and Möhler, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cloud microphysical processes on black carbon wet removal, global distributions, and radiative forcing

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Yi³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Parameterizations that impact wet removal of black carbon remain uncertain in global climate models. In this study, we enhance the default wet deposition scheme for BC in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to (a) add relevant physical processes that were not resolved in the default model, and (b) facilitate understanding of the relative importance of various cloud processes on BC distributions. We find that the enhanced scheme greatly improves model performance against HIPPO observations relative to the default scheme. We find that convection scavenging, aerosol activation, ice nucleation, evaporation of rain/snow, and below cloud scavenging dominate wet deposition of BC. BC conversion rates for processes related to in-cloud water/ice conversion (i.e., riming, the Bergeron processes, and evaporation of cloud water sedimentation) are relatively smaller, but have large seasonal variations. We also conduct sensitivity simulations that turn off each cloud process one at a time to quantify the influence of cloud processes on BC distributions and radiative forcing. Convective scavenging is found to most significantly influence BC concentrations at mid-altitudes over the tropics and even globally. In addition, BC is sensitive to all cloud processes over the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. As for BC vertical distributions, convective scavenging has a dominant influence. Aerosol activation mainly increases the fraction of column BC below 5&#8201;km whereas ice nucleation decreases that above 10&#8201;km. During wintertime, the Bergeron process also significantly increases BC concentrations at lower altitudes over the Arctic. Our simulation yields a global BC burden of 85&#8201;Gg; corresponding direct radiative forcing (DRF) of BC estimated using the Parallel Offline Radiative Transfer (PORT) is 0.13&#8201;W&#8201;m&#8722;2, much lower than previous studies. The range of DRF derived from sensitivity simulations is large, 0.09&#8211;0.33&#8201;W&#8201;m&#8722;2, corresponding to BC burdens varying from 73&#8201;Gg to 151&#8201;Gg. Due to differences in BC vertical distributions among each sensitivity simulation, fractional changes in DRF (relative to the baseline simulation) are always higher than fractional changes in BC burdens; this occurs because relocating BC in the vertical influences the radiative forcing per BC mass. Our results highlight the influences of cloud microphysical processes on BC concentrations and radiative forcing.

show abstract

Effect of black carbon particles on the efficiency of water droplet freezing

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of biomass aerosol on precipitation over the Central Amazon: an observational study

Influence of biomass aerosol on precipitation over the Central Amazon: an observational study

Characterization of individual ice residual particles by the single droplet freezing method: a case study in the Asian dust outflow region

Influence of cloud microphysical processes on black carbon wet removal, global distributions, and radiative forcing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About