Effect of bioslurry effluent on growth, biological yield and nutritional content of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Swiss chard is amongst the widely cultivated green leafy vegetables that play a significant role in alleviation of food insecurity and malnutrition in South Africa. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Bioslurry effluent on growth, biological yield and nutrient content of Swiss chard. Two cultivars of Swiss chard (Fordhook giant and Star 1801) were planted in 10 plots of 4.5 m² using sand incorporated with different rates of Bioslurry (Bio), namely, control (no fertiliser incorporation), 50% Bio, 100% Bio, 200% Bio and the recommended rate of 2:3:4 (30) NPK fertilizer as a growing medium. One seedling was planted per hill at an intra and inter row spacing of 0.25 m x 0.5 m. At 20-day intervals, five randomly selected plants were sampled to measure growth and yield parameters until 60 days after transplanting. The results showed that fertiliser treatment and cultivar significantly (p<0.05) influenced growth and yield parameters of Swiss chard. Fordhook giant showed significantly (p<0.05) higher growth and yields in all sampling intervals in summer compared to Star 1801. Inconsistencies were observed on leaf nutrient elements; however, NPK showed relatively higher nutrient elements for macro-elements.