Effect of Biofumigation on Fusarium wilt of Eggplant caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae

Abstract

Eggplant is the most traditional vegetable crop in India and susceptible to a number of diseases, among which Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongenae (FOM) that reduce yield and quality. The present study on effect of biofumigation on Fusarium wilt of eggplant caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongenae under natural field conditions showed that the biocidal volatiles released by Brassica tissue incorporation decreased the wilt incidence greatly from 14.57(Radish) to 50.88(Mustard) per cent reduction over control and significantly enhanced the Yield 30.43 (Radish) to 51.95 (Mustard) per cent increase over control and also enhanced the yield parameters viz., leaf area (10.15 to 35.87), plant height(13.01 to 26.39), root length(23.10 to 49.29) per cent increase over control respective.

Biofumigation Potential of Brassicas to Control White Rot Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Eggplant

“…The sinigrin concentration showed different quantities among the six tested species in the roots and leaves of F. oxysporum f.sp. melongenae in eggplant (Rao &Viswanath, 2023). The concentration and the profiles of GSLs (aliphatic, aromatic and indole) according to the type of side chain also varied among Brassicas either their shoots or roots (Kirkegaard & Sarwar, 1998;Van Dam et al, 2009;Bhandari et al, 2015).…”

“…Also, mustard, broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower showed inhibition of mycelial growth for F. oxysporum f.sp. melongenae in eggplant (Rao & Viswanath, 2023).…”

“…EL-SHARKAWY, AMAL A. AL-GENDY brassicas as seed meals or green manures reduce the population of soil-borne fungi leading to the increase of plant growth and yield mainly due to the emission of ITCs in the soil (Mazzola et al, 2015;El-Sharkawy, 2015). Similarly, Rao & Viswanath (2023) studied the effect of biocidal volatile compounds from six Brassica species on wilt incidence of F. oxysporum f.sp. melongenae on eggplant in greenhouses.…”

“…Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most economical solanaceous vegetable crops worldwide. Different pathogens and pests attack eggplant crop and other solanaceous crops causing economic losses to the total yield (Bletsos et al, 2003;Ibrahim , 2017;Sadik et al, 2022;Rao &Viswanath, 2023) The disease symptoms of eggplant white rot disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, might include water-soaked lesions on the stem that increase in length and then covered with white mycelium, black sclerotia developed on the mycelium, lesions girdle the stem, plant wilted and died (Hansda et al, 2014).…”

“…So, seeking alternative strategies is strongly urged to combat this risk. Biofumigation is a biologically inert control tactic that can be used as a tool to control several plant diseases particularly soil-borne diseases through the release of biocidal compounds called isothiocyanates (ITCs) (Rahmanpour et al, 2013;Mazzola et al, 2015;Rao &Viswanath, 2023). ITCs are released from brassicaceous crops on hydrolysis of glucosinolates (GSLs) by the myrosinase enzyme (Vivaldo et al, 2017).…”