Effect of biofouling roughness on the full-scale powering performance of a submarine

Uzun, Dogancan; Sezen, Savaş; Atlar, Mehmet; Turan, Osman

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109773

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…This is because the percentage of the total resistance due to skin friction is greater for submarines than for surface ships [11]. This has been investigated recently by Uzun et al [12,13]. Song et al [14] also showed that the total resistance coefficient in shallow water increases between 22% and 36% due to biofouling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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CFD Analysis of Biofouling Effect on Submarine Resistance and Wake

Utama,

Farhan,

Nasirudin

et al. 2023

JMSE

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It is well known that biofouling increases a ship’s resistance and nominal wake. For submarines, any change to the circumferential variation of the nominal wake in the propeller plane will affect the variation of the flow over the propeller blade, and hence the fluctuating forces, and noise, generated by the propeller. The ANSYS FLUENT commercial Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes Computational Fluid Dynamics solver was used to investigate the influence of both the longitudinal and vertical distribution of biofouling on the resistance and wake, including the circumferential variation of the nominal wake, on a submarine, using the well-known Suboff standard submarine. For the present work, the k-ε turbulence model was selected, as this is commonly used in this field and is generally considered acceptable. To handle different boundary layer thicknesses in the flow fields, the whole y+ formulation was employed, enabling automatic switching between low and high Reynolds boundary wall models. The numerical solver used for the simulations is based on the finite volume method, which discretizes the RANS equations. In this approach, a segregated model was utilized in the solver, and the convection terms were discretized using the second-order upwind scheme to enhance solution accuracy. The criteria for the near wall are between 30 and 100, and the value of y+ for the present case is 84. It is shown that fouling over only the forward third of the submarine results in a greater increase in resistance than fouling over only the aft third. Fouling over only the lower half of the submarine results in greater resistance than fouling over only the forward third, but less than fouling over the whole of the hull. Fouling over only the forward third of the hull has less influence on the circumferential variation of the wake than fouling over the aft third only of the hull. The results show the importance of keeping the forward area of the hull clean when considering resistance only, whereas keeping the aft area of the hull clean is important when considering the uniformity of the nominal wake into the propeller.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Uzun et al [13] also investigated the influence of the longitudinal position of the roughness on a submerged submarine. They found that when the roughness is located in the forward part of the submarine only, the increase in total resistance is greater than when it is located only further aft.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Analysis of Biofouling Effect on Submarine Resistance and Wake

Utama,

Farhan,

Nasirudin

et al. 2023

JMSE

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“…There has been much discussion about the eff ect of surface roughness caused by several reasons such as welding seams, coatings, or biofouling on the force of resistance characteristics of submarines. In a study conducted by Uzun et al [18], the impact of barnacle type biofouling roughness on submarine performance is examined. The eff ects of antifouling coating system, with a range of roughness and fouling conditions, on the force of resistance and powering characteristics were evaluated by Schultz [19].…”

Section: Introduction / Uvod*mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic Force of Resistance of Tourist Underwater Vehicle’s Bare Hull with Diff erent Heads using OpenFOAM

Saghi¹,

Parunov²

2023

Naše more

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Power reduction is the central goal to maximize cruising duration of tourist underwater vehicles (UV) that can be achieved by shaping the hull. So, in this paper, hydrodynamic force of resistance of the tourist UV’s bare hull is analysed. A numerical model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics in OpenFOAM is developed to simulate the longitudinal movement of an UV in a viscous and incompressible fluid for the infinite water depth. Three head geometries, including both spherical heads (S-S), spherical bow and elliptical stern head (S-E), and UV with both elliptical heads (E-E) are compared. At the first step, the effects of the length-to-diameter ratio and forward speed is studied for the S-S UV. The mesh size is calibrated using Grid Convergence Index, provided by ASME, while the model validation is based on the results for cube and sphere as well as by comparison with resistance coefficient of a SUBOFF bare hull. S-E and E-E UVs are then analysed for typical length-to-diameter ratio, comparing their force of resistance to the S-S type. The elongated elliptical heads are in many cases found favourable compared to the spherical heads. The results of this study may be useful for the conceptual design of tourist UV and for verification of the complex numerical models that are necessary to account for the influence of appendages on the force of resistance of such innovative UV.

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“…Whereas the remaining CGI 12 < 2.5%. However, the error bands considerably larger than what has been reported in literature as being of an acceptable range [221,250,109,227] With respect to the convergence ratio (R), all cases are evaluated to be of monotonic convergence 0 < R < 1, thus each case will have a reasonable prediction of the zero-grid spacing h → 0 value.…”

Section: Analytical Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 5.3 summarises the order of accuracy and GCI of three grid resolutions, being Mesh-F, Mesh-E and Mesh-C which posses a uniform refinement ratio between each and are denoted through subscripts respective of ascending order. The refinement ratio(r c ) was selected as 2, which while within limits stated in literature, is at the maximum [209,208,39,250]. Each tested across five non-dimensional dependant variables of interest, being the Reynolds number across the gap, the decay constant for the jet centreline velocity, the position of the virtual origin, the length of the potential core and the position of 95% depth averaged velocity magnitude reduction.…”

Section: Analytical Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal Energy and Coastal Models: Improved Turbine Simulation

Gwenter¹

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Marine renewable energy is a continually growing topic of both commercial and academic research sectors. While not as developed as other renewable technologies such as those deployed within the wind sector, there is substantial technological crossover coupled with the inherent high energy density of water, that has helped push marine renewables into the wider renewable agenda. Thus, an ever expanding range of projects are in various stages of development.As with all technological developments, there are a range of factors that can con-tribute to the rate of development or eventual success. One of the main difficulties, when looking at marine renewable technologies in a comparative view to other en-ergy generation technologies, is that the operational environment is physically more complex: Energy must be supplied in diverse physical conditions, that temporally fluctuate with a range of time scales. The constant questions to the iteration to the local ecology. The increased operational fatigue of deployed devices. The financial risk associated within a recent sector.This work presents the continual research related to the computational research development of different marine renewable technologies that were under develop-ment of several institutional bodies at the time of writing this document.The scope has a wide envelopment as the nature of novel projects means that the project failure rate is high. Thus, forced through a combination of reasons related to financial, useful purpose and intellectual property, the research covers distinct projects.

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Effect of biofouling roughness on the full-scale powering performance of a submarine

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

CFD Analysis of Biofouling Effect on Submarine Resistance and Wake

CFD Analysis of Biofouling Effect on Submarine Resistance and Wake

Hydrodynamic Force of Resistance of Tourist Underwater Vehicle’s Bare Hull with Diff erent Heads using OpenFOAM

Tidal Energy and Coastal Models: Improved Turbine Simulation

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