Effect of biofilm and selective mixed culture on microbial fuel cell for the treatment of tempeh industrial wastewater

Arbianti, Rita; Utami, Tania Surya; Leondo, Vifki; Elisabeth,; Putri, Syafira Andyah; Hermansyah, Heri

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/316/1/012073

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, as the reactor age increases, there was no observable COD difference between FAB-MFC and MFC but voltage generation maximized in FAB-MFC, which entails suspended biofilms (not on the anode) might slowly developing in the non-FAB reactor to remove the COD. In MFC, the optimal period for biofilm growth was seven days (Arbianti et al 2018), whereas FAB (MEJdish) might facilitate the attachment and biofilm formation that shorten this period. Therefore, to enhance the COD removal, the FAB could be advisable; but the voltage generation was another critical concern.…”

Section: Performance Of the Fab-mfc Optimization Setup Cod Removal Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another major drawback of MFC is the diffusion of oxygen from cathode to anode that hampers the energy yield, especially in membrane-less MFC (ML-MFC) (Jang et al 2004). The optimum biofilm formation time on the anode electrode surface is seven days (Arbianti et al 2018). The anode biofilm forms two layers; the inner layer generates electricity, whereas the outer layer consumes oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New fragmented electro-active biofilm (FAB) reactor to increase anode surface area and performance of microbial fuel cell

Atnafu

Leta

2021

Environ Syst Res

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Background Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is a promising sustainable future energy source with a renewable and abundant substrate. MFC critical drawbacks are anode surface area limitations and electrochemical loss. Recent studies recommend thick anode biofilm growth due to the synergetic effect between microbial communities. Engineering the anode surface area is the prospect of MFC. In this study, a microbial electrode jacket dish (MEJ-dish) was invented, first time to the authors’ knowledge, to support MFC anode biofilm growth. The MFC reactor with MEJ-dish was hypothesized to develop a variable biofilm thickens. This reactor is called a fragmented electro-active biofilm-microbial fuel cell (FAB-MFC). It was optimized for pH and MEJ-dish types and tested at a bench-scale. Results Fragmented (thick and thin) anode biofilms were observed in FAB-MFC but not in MFC. During the first five days and pH 7.5, maximum voltage (0.87 V) was recorded in MFC than FAB-MFC; however, when the age of the reactor increases, all the FAB-MFC gains momentum. It depends on the MEJ-dish type that determines the junction nature between the anode and MEJ-dish. At alkaline pH 8.5, the FAB-MFC generates a lower voltage relative to MFC. On the contrary, the COD removal was improved regardless of pH variation (6.5–8.5) and MEJ-dish type. The bench-scale studies support the optimization findings. Overall, the FAB improves the Coulombic efficiency by 7.4–9.6 % relative to MFC. It might be recommendable to use both FAB and non-FAB in a single MFC reactor to address the contradictory effect of increasing COD removal associated with the lower voltage at higher pH. Conclusions This study showed the overall voltage generated was significantly higher in FAB-MFC than MFC within limited pH (6.5–7.5); relatively, COD removal was enhanced within a broader pH range (6.5–8.5). It supports the conclusion that FAB anode biofilms were vital for COD removal, and there might be a mutualism even though not participated in voltage generation. FAB could provide a new flexible technique to manage the anode surface area and biofilm thickness by adjusting the MEJ-dish size. Future studies may need to consider the number, size, and conductor MEJ-dish per electrode.

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Section: Performance Of the Fab-mfc Optimization Setup Cod Removal Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New fragmented electro-active biofilm (FAB) reactor to increase anode surface area and performance of microbial fuel cell

Atnafu

Leta

2021

Environ Syst Res

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“…The major drawback of membraneless MFC (ML-MFC) is the diffusion of oxygen from cathode to anode that hampers the energy yield (Jang et al 2004). The optimum biofilm formation time is 7 days (Arbianti et al 2018). The formation and growth of anode biofilms in MFC are highly sensitive to oxygen (Yang et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and Optimization of Fragmented Electroactive Biofilm Reactor (FAB) to Increase Microbial Fuel Cell Bioelectricity Generation and Treatment Performance

Atnafu

Leta

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) drawbacks are anode (cathode) limitation and electrochemical loss. Engineering the biofilm for enhanced attachment to the electrode is the prospect of MFC. Recent studies, recommend the formation of thick anode biofilm that could result in a synergetic effect between microbial communities. To address these issues, a microbial electrode jacket dish (MEJ-dish) was invented that supports microbial growth over the anode electrode surface. The MFC reactor with MEJ-dish was hypothesized to develop a fragment of biofilm (thick and thin) across the electrode. This reactor is called a fragmented electroactive biofilm-microbial fuel cell reactor (FAB-MFC).ResultsThe maximum voltage generated (0.87 V) was recorded in FAB-MFC. In addition, during the first 3-10 days, the FAB system enables to significantly (p<0.05) maximize the voltage generation at pH variation from 6.5 to 7.5. However, at alkaline pH 8.5, the FAB system generates a lower voltage relative to non-FAB. On the contrary, in FAB reactors the COD removal was improved regardless of pH variation (6.5-8.5). This shows, unlike voltage generation, the biofilms (either electroactive or not) formation were vital for COD removal even without voltage generation. At acidic and neutral pH (7.5), the fragmented (hybrid) biofilm formation across the bioelectrode (anode) could not only important for voltage generation but also contributes to the effective functioning of electroactive biofilm (EABs) growth and development by reducing the effect of pH variation. To address this contradictory effect of increasing COD removal associated with the lower voltage at higher pH, might be to use both FAB and non-FAB in a single MFC reactor. There might be a mutualistic effect across the bioelectrode biofilms.ConclusionsThis study showed that the voltage generated was significantly higher in FAB-MFC as compared with non-FAB-MFC setup within limited pH (6.5-7.5); relatively, COD removal was enhanced within wider pH 6.5-8.5. This supports the conclusion that biofilm formed across the FAB was vital for COD removal, even though not participated in voltage generation. However, this might be affected by the degradable organic content and the nature of the microbial community in the inoculum and domestic wastewater, which requires further studies.

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“…When it comes to actual application, the usage of MFCs with mixed anode consortia is more profitable than pure culture of exoelectrogens. It has been proven that the electricity generation capacity and the ability to adapt to the complex substrates are lower for MFC systems, operated with pure cultures of exoelectrogens than for the systems, operated with mixed consortia [12,13]. Thus, in order to create the biofilm, enriched with different types of microorganisms, natural sources of exoelectrogens are preferred.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a certain number of techniques for formation of biofilm with exoelectrogenic activity. They are based on supporting of conditions that can promote the development of exoelectrogens and suppress other bacteria [13][14][15][16][17].…”

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confidence: 99%

High Exoelectrogenic Biofilms Formation in Microbial Fuel Cells

Shchurska

Zubchenko

Sobczuk

et al. 2019

Innov Biosyst Bioeng

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Background. Microbial fuel cells are devices in which electricity is generated by microorganisms called exoelectrogens. During the process of anaerobic respiration exoelectrogens emit electrons outside the cell. These electrons can be transferred to the anode of biofuel cell via several different mechanisms. Electricity generation in microbial fuel cells depends primarily on the electrochemical activity of the exoelectrogens present in the anode space. Nowadays, the usage of microorganisms, immobilized as biofilms on the anode, is constantly increasing. Natural sources for exoelectrogens selection such as activated sludge, biofilter biofilms, sediments of seas and rivers have a very diverse microbial composition. Therefore, it is important to immobilize relatively deficient in natural sources exoelectrogens on the anode during the biofilm formation process. The main research areas are the development of a technique for obtaining of electroactive biofilms enriched with exoelectrogens along with reduction of the period of biofilm formation process. Objective. We set a goal to study the process of high exoelectrogenic biofilm formation basing on the combination of different methods of exoelectrogens isolation and immobilization at the anode of a microbial fuel cell. Methods. A three-stage technique was used to obtain a highly exoelectrogenic biofilm which, due to the combination of typical isolation and immobilization techniques of exoelectrogens, allows obtaining the biofilm in which the vast majority of microorganisms are exoelectrogens. In the first stage, a biofilter biofilm was used as a source of exoelectrogens. The biofilm formed in the first stage was used as an inoculum for the second stage of biofilm formation. During the second stage an additional selective factor (applied additional potential in the electrical circuit of the microbial fuel cell) was used. The third stage of biofilm formation was the isolation of exoelectrogens capable of reducing ferum (III) compounds from secondary biofilm with subsequent application of these cells as inoculum.Results. The usage of the proposed method allows obtaining of a biofilm enriched with exoelectrogenic bacteria. The maximum current density generated by the biofilm, obtained during the first stage, reaches 140 μA/cm 2 , during the second -400 μA/cm 2 , during the third -615 μA/cm 2 . The duration of biofilm formation at each stage was 110 h, 40 h, and 60 h, respectively. Conclusions. It has been proven that the duration of biofilm formation is reduced almost twice as a result of a combination of typical methods of isolation and immobilization of exoelectrogens; obtained biofilm has high electrochemical activity and properties similar to biofilm, formed by pure cultures of exoelectrogens.

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Effect of biofilm and selective mixed culture on microbial fuel cell for the treatment of tempeh industrial wastewater

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

New fragmented electro-active biofilm (FAB) reactor to increase anode surface area and performance of microbial fuel cell

New fragmented electro-active biofilm (FAB) reactor to increase anode surface area and performance of microbial fuel cell

Developing and Optimization of Fragmented Electroactive Biofilm Reactor (FAB) to Increase Microbial Fuel Cell Bioelectricity Generation and Treatment Performance

High Exoelectrogenic Biofilms Formation in Microbial Fuel Cells

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