Effect of bilayer period on properties of Cr/CrN multilayer coatings produced by laser ablation

Kot, M.; Rakowski, W.; Major, Ł.; Major, R.; Morgiel, J.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.12.036

Cited by 70 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This behavior is similar to many results presented in literature (e.g. [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]) with an optimal bilayer thickness to be dependent on the material combination. The increase of hardness with decreasing bilayer period is attributed to Hall-Petch strengthening [62], which originally relates yield strength to the dislocation pileup at grain boundaries.…”

Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Even a TiN:Ti modulation ratio 2:1 was considered to be inadequate for mechanical applications due to an excessive amount of soft metal content, being responsible for spalling at low loads. Similar feature was verified for an Al/AlN multilayer stacks in [81] as well as for Cr/CrN multilayers in our work [58]. Considering the failure modes and relating them to the results obtained in indentation and TEM investigations (Subsec.…”

Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 87%

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Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Lackner¹,

Major²,

Kot³

2011

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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Abstract. The mechanical and tribological behavior of physical vapor deposited coatings on soft substrate materials gains increasing interest due to economical and environmental aspects -e.g. substitution of steels by light-weight metals or polymers in transport vehicles. Nevertheless, such soft materials require surface protection against wear in tribological contacts. Single layer hard coatings deposited at room temperature are brittle with a relatively poor adhesion. Therefore, they should be better substituted by tough multilayer coatings of soft-hard material combinations. However, the mechanics of such multilayer coatings with several 10 nm thick bilayer periods is difficult and yet not well described. The presented work tries to fill the gap of knowledge by focusing both on mechanical investigations of hardness, adhesion, and wear and on microscopic elucidation of deformation mechanisms. In the paper 1 µm thick Ti/TiN multilayer stacks were deposited by magnetron sputtering on soft austenitic steel substrates at room temperature to prevent distortion of functional components in future applications. High hardness was found for 8 and 16 bilayer films with modulation ratio Ti:TiN = 1:2 and 1:4. This was attributed (with use of transmission electron microscopy) to stopping the crack propagation in thin Ti layers of the multilayer systems by shear deformation combined with different fracture mechanisms in comparison with that for the TiN single layers (edge cracks at the border of the contact area and ring cracks outside, respectively).

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Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 87%

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Lackner¹,

Major²,

Kot³

2011

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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“…The higher amount of layers the better properties. Similar effect was noticed by authors in previous experiments on different type of multilayer coatings [10]. The influence of number of layers in Cr/CrN multilayer coatings, deposited also on austenite steel, on mechanical properties was studied.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…It has been described that the higher amount of layers on the constant coating thickness the better properties. However, it has been also noticed that there is an optimal number of layers (optimal individual layer thickness), over which the mechanical properties decrease [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical, optical, biological, mechanical, and tribological properties as well as the microstructure of thin film materials can vary over wide ranges, and are mostly dependent on the deposition process used. A number of books describe various deposition processes [1][2][3][4] and many publications describe properties of thin films [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Each process has strengths and weaknesses affecting film properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of TiN/Ti/a-C:H multilayers architecture to biological and mechanical properties

Major¹,

Lackner²,

Kot³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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Abstract. Complex microstructure analysis of TiN/Ti/a-C:H multilayer coatings, subjected to mechanical and biological tests, were performed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), respectively. Influence of interface numbers and phase ratios on coating properties was studied. Thin films were fabricated by a hybrid PLD technique (PLD supported by magnetron sputtering). The a-C:H phase was characterized by an amorphous structure, while TiN was built of columnar crystallites. Multilayer coatings contained sequentially deposited TiN and a-C:H layers with thin metallic Ti inter-layers deposited at each interface. Mechanisms of mechanical wear of analyzed systems were presented focusing on the cracking propagation revealed in the scratch test. Biological tests were done basing on smooth muscle cells adhesion to coating surfaces. An increase of TiN phase in the coating led to improvement of mechanical properties, while the carbon phase improved the biological behavior. Coatings comprising a higher rate of the carbon (a-C:H) revealed brittleness and were prone to delaminating. Optimal properties from the mechanical and biological point of view were stated for 8xTiN/Ti/a-C:H coating with 1:1 phase ratio (TiN to a-C:H).

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The Properties of Multilayer CrCN/CrN Coatings Dependent on Their Architecture

Warcholiński

Gilewicz

2011

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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CrN based multilayer coatings are possible replacements for chromium nitride monolayer coating because of their good mechanical and chemical properties. This paper reports an investigation of CrCN/CrN coatings deposited on HS6‐5‐2 steel substrate using cathodic arc evaporation. The investigated coatings of the total thickness of ca. 2.5 µm were composed of six bilayers, each of them with alternating CrCN and CrN layers. The thickness of the bilayer was ca. 400 nm and the ratio of layer thickness partition (CrCN/CrN) was 1:5, 1:2 and 1:1. The chemical composition was determined with the EDS method. The microstructure of thin films was examined with the SEM. A micro Vickers hardness tester and pin‐on‐disc wear tests were used to determine the hardness and tribological properties of the coatings: the coefficient of the friction and wear rate. In order to assess the adhesion of the coatings to the substrate, the scratch test and Rockwell test were applied. All the coatings investigated are characterized by a good adhesion which decreases with the rise of the CrCN layer thickness in the bilayer. When the CrCN layer thickness in bilayer rises, the hardness and compressive stress increase, but the wear rate decreases.

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Effect of bilayer period on properties of Cr/CrN multilayer coatings produced by laser ablation

Cited by 70 publications

References 21 publications

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Contribution of TiN/Ti/a-C:H multilayers architecture to biological and mechanical properties

The Properties of Multilayer CrCN/CrN Coatings Dependent on Their Architecture

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