Effect of Bi doping on the crystal structure, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La0.7-Bi Sr0.15Ca0.15MnO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) manganites

The magnetocaloric effect properties for potential applications of magnetic refrigerator technology: a review

“…PM has several advantages, including cost-effectiveness, shorter production processes, relative ease of production, chemical stability, good structure, environmental friendliness, resistance to corrosive environments, SOMT behavior, excellent MCE properties, and easily adjustable T C within the room-temperature range. 40,42,43,114–124…”

“…Previous researchers concluded a relationship between changes in crystal structure and goldsmith tolerance factor ( t ). 1,48,113,115,162 This factor is defined by eqn (14).where, 〈 r A 〉 dan 〈 r B 〉 are the average ionic radii sizes of sites A and B, respectively, and r O is the radius of the oxygen ion. There are three ranges of t values, each corresponding to a crystal structure.…”

“…This is marked by a significant decrease in magnetization around T C as many research results. 20,60,115 To determine T C value more accurately, an analysis of the phase transition temperature is needed, where the determination is done by deriving M – T to temperature (d M /d T ). The analysis for determining the T C value was also conducted by Munazat et al , stating that the T C values for La 0.7 Ba 0.1 Ca 0.1 Sr 0.1 MnO 3 samples are 330.81 K and 316.17 K for SG and WM samples, respectively.…”