Effect of betamethasone and diclofenac sodium on serum and tissue concentration of amoxicillin: in vivo study in rats

Abstract

Objective:Antimicrobial agents in combination with anti-inflammatory drugs have been usually prescribed in both Medicine and Dentistry. However, few scientific reports support this clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of betamethasone and diclofenac sodium on serum and tissue concentration of amoxicillin in rats.Methods:Four polyurethane sponges were implanted in the back skin of 48 rats. After seven days the animals were divided into 6 groups (n=8). Group 1: amoxicillin (25 mg/kg); G2: diclofenac sodium (2.5 mg/kg); G3: betamethasone (0.1 mg/kg); G4: diclofenac sodium and amoxicillin; G5: betamethasone and amoxicillin; and G6: 0.9% sodium chloride solution (1.0 mL - control group). All drugs were administered in a single dose. After 90 minutes, the granulomatous tissues of each animal were surgically removed and weighed. Blood was collected from cervical plexus, centrifuged and 10μL of serum was placed on paper discs. In order to estimate amoxicillin concentration, serum and granulomatous tissues were separately submitted to microbiological assay, which used 108cfu/mL of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (penicillin-susceptible strain). After incubation (18 hours, 37°C) the inhibition zones were measured and compared to a regression curve.Results:No inhibition zones were observed for groups 2, 3 and 6. Tissue and serum concentrations of both G1 (4.14μg/g and 2.06μg/mL, respectively) and G5 (3.87μg/g and 1.70μg/mL, respectively) showed statistically significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.05) in comparison to G4 (1.45μg/g and 0.41μg/mL, respectively). G1 and G5 did not differ significantly (p>0.05).Conclusion:Considering single doses, betamethasone did not interfere with amoxicillin levels but diclofenac sodium reduced both tissue and serum levels of amoxicillin in rats.

Preclinical evaluation of the crude extract from the fruits of Punica grantaum L. (Punicaceae) for antimicrobial activity in in vitro and ex vivo experimental models: A comparative study

“…On the other hand, the ex vivo assay permitted to confirm S. aureus susceptibility through MIC and MBC 100 values of amoxicillin (Koneman et al, 1997). As observed in previous studies, the microbiological method was accurate enough to measure drugs concentrations (Mattos-Filho et al, 2006). This method has the same precision as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay and it has been widely used for determining this type of test samples concentrations (Charles and Chulavnatol, 1993).…”

“…All animals were anesthetized with a combination of ketamine 90 mg/kg/i.m. and xylazine 10 mg/kg/i.m and granulomatous tissue was induced as previously described (Mattos-Filho et al, 2006). Briefly, four sterilized polyurethane sponge discs (density 35 kg/m 3 ) were subcutaneously implanted in the back of all rats.…”

Influence of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxicillin in the plasma and tissues of rats with induced periapical lesion

“…This study used twenty-eight male Wistar rats which weighed between 150 and 200 grams. The sample was calculated based on the analysis of the amoxicillin concentration in tissues after the use of anti-inflammatory drugs [9]. Calculations were performed using the mean and standard deviation of the concentration of the drug for a 95% test power.…”

“…Interactions can occur when two drugs are concomitantly administered, and this may influence the length of time the drug stays in the body or its efficacy. It is necessary to evaluate possible interactions between these groups of drugs because they may compromise their clinical efficacy [5,6,8,9]. The concept of drug interaction is based on the pharmacological or clinical response to the action of a drug, food or chemical substance on the effect of another drug, which is administered either previously or concomitantly to the former [7,10].…”

“…There have been a few studies regarding the interference of NSAIDs in antibiotic concentrations [5,6,9] but there are no reports currently available in the literature evaluating the effect of the administration of ibuprofenarginine on the concentration of amoxicillin in plasma and periapical tissues. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxicillin in the plasma and periapical tissues of rats with induced apical periodontitis.…”