Effect of Bentonite, Sepiolite, Coriobacteriaceae and Fumonisin Esterase on Growth Rate, Blood Parameters, Chicken Meat Quality, and Aflatoxin Residues

Abstract

Aflatoxin contaminates crops like corn and soya that comprise the main components of chicken ration. Aflatoxin led to deleterious effect on chicken and human health consume chicken meat, so two commercial antimycotoxins were evaluated in current study. Ninety Avian 48 broiler chickens were divided into three groups (30 birds each). The first group received a naturally contaminated ration contained (36±0.21 µg/kg total aflatoxin). The second group (T1) was fed the contaminated ration supplemented with (Bentonite 55.6 % -Sepiolite 44.4 %). The third group (T2) was given a contaminated ration containing (Bentonite 65 % -Coriobacteriaceae 0.85x1011 CFU –fumonisin esterase 7500 IU). Aflatoxin significantly reduced (p < 0.05) body weight gain 1403 ± 57.4g in the control group compared with T1 (1748±72.94g) or T2 (1681±86.05g) at 35 days of age. The Hb concentration and RBC count were (9.33± 0.30 and 2.82± 0.11x106/μl) in T1 and (10.48±0.25 and 3.29± 0.07x106/μl) in T2, but significantly lower in the control group (8.08± 0.11and2.22± 0.08 x106/μl). The water holding capacity (WHC) in T1 and T2 was 61.23 ± 1.34% and 62.12 ± 1.33%, respectively. In control it was 56.64 ± 1.23%. The pH value was 6.22± 0.14, 6.14± 0.12, and 6.11± 0.13 in the control, T1 and T2, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) were significantly higher in control group (0.45 ± 0.05 mg/ kg and 11.2 ± 0.35 mg/100g) than T1 (0.37 ± 0.04 mg/kg and 9.6 ± 0.28 mg /100g) and T2 (0.34 ± 0.03 mg/kg and 8.6 ± 0.29 mg/100g). Aflatoxin residues were detected in 10% and 30% of muscle and liver samples in the control group with limits 2.22± 0.09 and 5.13± 0.12 µg/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, it was detected in 15% and 10% of the examined liver of T1 and T2, respectively. T1 and T2 supplementation improves growth rate, haematological and meat quality parameters while decreasing aflatoxin residues in the liver and muscle.Key words: Broiler meat; Aflatoxin residues; Growth parameters; Meat quality; thiobarbituric acid; total volatile basic nitrogen.