Effect of benomyl on soil fungi associated with rye. 2. Effect on fungi of culm bases and roots

Bollen, G.J.; Hoeven, E.P. van der; Lamers, J.G.; Schoonen, M.P.M.

doi:10.1007/bf01974444

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The fungicide mixture applied in April 2001, before the oat‐grain inoculum, may have contributed to the greater severity of foot rot in that year by controlling earlier developing pathogens such as eyespot fungi (cf. Bollen et al ., 1983). There is no evidence that seedborne inoculum (encouraged in 1999 and 2000), and hence the presence of pathogen on seedlings, would have contributed more effectively to brown foot rot than did the inoculum applied artificially in spring, had drought‐stress conditions occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of ground‐level inoculum of Fusarium culmorum to ear blight of winter wheat

Bateman

2005

Plant Pathology

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In a series of field experiments in eastern England over 5 years, severe ear blight developed only in plots of winter wheat that were inoculated by spraying with conidial suspensions of Fusarium culmorum during anthesis, and in which infection was encouraged by rainfall or mist irrigation. In the absence of artificial inoculation of the ears, F. culmorum caused less extensive ear blight, and only where soil-surface inoculum was available after its application on infested plant material (colonized oat grains) up to 3 -4 weeks before anthesis; it then developed most where significant rainfall occurred close to the time of anthesis. A warm, dry period following application of inoculum to the ground in late March contributed to increased infection of grain by F. culmorum , although ear blight was not increased. Ear infection therefore depended on adequate viable inoculum on infested plant debris within the crop, and conditions tending to favour brown foot rot development as well as, subsequently, rainfall and moist conditions during anthesis. These conditions did not occur together naturally during this period. Seedling infection by F. culmorum or Microdochium nivale made no significant contribution to ear blight. Inoculation of ears at anthesis with M. nivale or a locally obtained isolate of F. langsethiae did not produce ear blight symptoms. Possibilities for minimizing the availability of inoculum of F. culmorum and the implications for various options for ear-blight control are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of ground‐level inoculum of Fusarium culmorum to ear blight of winter wheat

Bateman

2005

Plant Pathology

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“…A similar reduction in the number of fungal species was observed by Bertoldi et al (1978) and Frahm (1973). Bollen et al (1983) observed that colonization ratio of roots was unaffected but the species composition was still markedly influence by Benomyl. The negative influence that the mycoflora suffers from fungicides has been investigated by a large number of workers (Domsch, 1964(Domsch, , 1970Agnihotri, 1974;Foster, 1975).…”

Section: Effect Of Fungicides On Mycorrhizaementioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of bavistin and dithane m-45 on the Mycorrhizae and Rhizosphere microbes of sunflower

Aggarwal¹,

Sharma²,

Parkash³

et al. 2005

Helia

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In the present investigation, two fungicides viz. Bavistin and Dithane M-45 were tested for the effect on soil mycoflora with special reference to mycorrhizal fungi of sunflower crop. It was evident from the results that the two fungicides had different effects on soil mycoflora. Reduction of various species of soil fungi was more extensive in first twenty days in comparison with the later half of the experimental period. The fungicidal effect of both fungicides decreased with increase of time and it resulted in reappearance of certain fungi after a certain period of time. Regarding the effect of fungicides on sunflower growth and phosphorus content, it was found that as the concentration of the fungicides increased, the growth decreased and minimum growth was observed in 1% concentration of Bavistin as well as of Dithane M-45. Both fungicides had deleterious effect on mycorrhizal spore number and percentage mycorrhizal root colonization.

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“…There was little overall benefit from the fungicide benomyl and this was consistent with a general absence of fungal pathogens. Microdochium bolleyi, which may compete with pathogenic fusaria, is sensitive to benomyl (Bollen et al 1983). Although this was not tested here, the fungus was sensitive to other agrochemicals, including the combination containing benomyl ( Table 5).…”

Section: Dtscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aldicarb, benomyl, dazomet, permethrin, pirimicarb, phorate and nitrogen fertilizer on maize (Zea mays) grown for 14 consecutive years on the same site

et al. 1989

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S U M M A R YMaize was grown on the same Clay-with-Flints site at Rothamsted for 14 years in an experiment which tested cumulatively all combinations of three rates of N fertilizer (50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) and six agrochemical treatments (aldicarb, benomyl, dazomet, phorate, benomyl + dazomet + phorate and none). Permethrin and pirimicarb were also tested in 3 of the years. The crop was grown for forage from 1975 to 1987 and for grain from 1974 to 1976. With 150 kg N/ha, the average forage yield was 105 t dry matter/ha and there was no overall decline during the experiment; annual yields ranged from 5-9 to 14-5 t/ha. From 1975 to 1983, yields were on average 0-2 t/ha less with 100 kg N/ha and 10 t/ha less with only 50 kg N/ha than with 150 kg N/ha. The crop grown for grain in 1974 failed but in 1975 it gave 3-5, 3-6 and 3-8 t/ha with 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha, respectively, and 3-3 t/ha in 1976 with all N rates. The cultivars grown, Cargill Primeur 170, Caldera 535 and Fronica, matured too late to ensure a grain harvest at Rothamsted.Pests observed on the crop included nematodes of the genera Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Tylenchus/ Ditylenchus and initially some Heterodera avenae, the aphids Metopolophium dirhodum and Sitobion avenae, and frit fly (Oscinellafrit). Common smut (Ustilago maydis) was the only fungus disease recorded and Microdochium bolleyi, possibly a minor pathogen, occurred on roots. There was no overall increase in the incidence of pests and pathogens during the experiment. Agrochemical treatments increased yields in all years; the most effective was the combined treatment with benomyl + dazomet + phorate which gave on average 1-4 t/ha more forage than the untreated crop with the largest N rate.Forage yields were generally larger with sowing in early May rather than later and maturity was earlier in years with the most accumulated day-degrees.

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Effect of benomyl on soil fungi associated with rye. 2. Effect on fungi of culm bases and roots

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

The contribution of ground‐level inoculum of Fusarium culmorum to ear blight of winter wheat

The contribution of ground‐level inoculum of Fusarium culmorum to ear blight of winter wheat

Effect of bavistin and dithane m-45 on the Mycorrhizae and Rhizosphere microbes of sunflower

Effects of aldicarb, benomyl, dazomet, permethrin, pirimicarb, phorate and nitrogen fertilizer on maize (Zea mays) grown for 14 consecutive years on the same site

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