Effect of Benomyl Applications on Soybean Seedborne Fungi, Seed Germination, and Yield

TeKrony, D. M.; Egli, D. B.; Stuckey, R. E.; Loeffler, T. M.

doi:10.1094/pd-69-763

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Pew~ntage of seeds with poor appearance in 1986 varied b{~tween cultivars but within cultivars was not affected by application of benomyl. This observation coincided with TeKrony et al (1985) who found that a split application of benomyl failed to reduce PSD in four of six plantings. They did, however, see reduction in seed infection in seven of nine plantings after a single application of benomyl at R6.…”

Section: Seed Appearancesupporting

confidence: 87%

Soybean Cultivar Yield Response to Benomyl, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Irrigation Levels

Slater¹,

Elmore²,

Doupnik³

et al. 1991

Agronomy Journal

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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production for greatest yield involves intensive management of resource inputs. Proper cultivar selection, irrigation, and P application on P‐deficient soils have all been shown to increase yields. Nitrogen applications have resulted in variable yield effects. Under sprinkler irrigation, several diseases caused by species of Diaporthe [D. phaseolorum var. sojae (Lehman) Wehm., and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora Athow. G Caldwell.] and Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs, the Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex may also be yield limiting. This disease complex includes pod and stem blight (PSB), Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), and stem canker. In order to determine the combined influence of cultivar, irrigation level, fertility level, and disease control, field experiments were conducted in 1986, 1987, and 1988 at the South Central Research and Extension Center near Clay Center, NE to evaluate these possible soybean yield limiting factors. All combinations of two levels of benomyl [methyl‐l‐(butylcarlbamoyl)‐2‐benzimidazole carbamate] fungicide (0 and 1.12 kg ha−1 applied at R3 and R5), two levels of N (0 and 134.4 kg ha−1) and P (0 and 67.2 kg ha−1), and two cultivars (determinate Hoyt and indeterminate Zane) were tested at two nonreplicated levels of irrigation. Nitrogen and P application seldom increased seed yield. A yield increase (517 kg ha−1, 1986; 396 kg ha−1, 1987; 215 kg ba−1, 1988) occurred when benomyl was applied to Hoyt soybean under a high level of irrigation. Less of a yield response to benomyl was obtained with later‐maturing Zane, for both cultivars at the lower irrigation level, and during a year of below normal rainfall. Benomyl application decreased the incidence of PSB and increased seed size, but did not consistently affect PSD based on seed appearance. Stem canker was never observed during the course of this study. Yield increases were primarily the result of increased seed size associated with delayed maturity doe to PSB control and increased number of seeds per pod due to benomyl's possible growth regulatory properties. This research indicates that, contrary to previous reports in the northern USA, pod and stem blight can be a yield‐limiting factor with or without the development of Phomopsis seed decay under high‐yield environments.

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Section: Seed Appearancesupporting

confidence: 87%

Soybean Cultivar Yield Response to Benomyl, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Irrigation Levels

Slater¹,

Elmore²,

Doupnik³

et al. 1991

Agronomy Journal

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“…Seed infection increases and seed quality deteriorates when seed harvest is delayed after harvest maturity (Mondragon and Potts, 1974;Wilcox et al, 1974;Ellis and Sinclair, 1976). Timely application of foliar fungicides has been shown to effectively reduce phomopsis seed decay and improve seed quality (Ellis et al, 1974;Jeffers et al, 1982;TeKrony et al, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Planting of Early‐Maturing Soybean: Effects on Seed Germination and Phomopsis Infection

et al. 1996

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The use of early‐maturing soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars has been suggested as a means of avoiding drought stress and extending harvest maturity in the southeastern USA. This experiment determined the effect of cultivar maturity on seed germination and Phomopsis longicolla T.W. Hobbs seed infection following early planting. Six cultivars ranging from Maturity Group (MG) 00 to IV were planted in late April, mid‐May, and early and late June in 1992 and 1993 at Lexington, KY. The May planting was sprayed at weekly intervals between growth stages R5 and R7 with the foliar fungicide benomyl [methyl 1‐(butylcarbamoyl)‐2‐benzimidazolecarbamate] to control seed infection. A single, recommended application of benomyl was also made at growth stage R6 for all planting dates in 1993. Seed was harvested at harvest maturity (HM, defined as the time when seed first dried to <140 g kg−1 moisture) and 3 wk after that date. Higher levels (>30%) of P. longicolla seed infection frequently occurred for the April and May plantings, which often resulted in lower (<85%) seed germination for earlier maturing cultivars. As harvest maturity was delayed due to later planting dates of early‐maturing cultivars (MG 00‐II or the use of full‐season cultivars (MG III, IV), seed quality improved. Weekly benomyl applications to the mid‐May planting reduced seed infection to low levels and increased seed germination to >90% at HM in both years for all cultivars. Thus, high‐quality soybean seed can be produced on early maturing cultivars grown outside the range of adaptation, if seed infection by P. longicolla is controlled. Cultural methods are discussed for reducing seed infection and improving seed quality of early‐maturing cultivars.

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“…Com relação ao uso de fungicidas na cultura da soja, existem muitos trabalhos na área de tratamento de sementes, mas quanto à eficiência ou ao momento da aplicação de fungicidas para o controle de DFC, a literatura é escassa (TeKrony et al, 1985a;TeKrony et al, 1985b;Câmara & Dianese, 1994;Câmara et al, 1995). Diversos trabalhos vêm sendo desenvolvidos nos últimos anos, onde têm sido avaliados vários princípios ativos, dosagens e épocas de aplicação (Andrade et al, 1995;Asmus et al, 1995;Meyer & Yorinori, 1995;Nomura et al, 1995;Nomura et al, 1996;Michel & Reis, 1998;Andrade & Andrade, 1999;Oliveira et al, 1999;Rizza et al, 1999), todavia, na maioria são L. H. Klingelfuss & J. T. Yorinori tratamento e por data de coleta.…”

Section: Avaliação Da Infecção Latenteunclassified

Infecção latente de Colletotrichum truncatum e Cercospora kikuchii em soja

Klingelfuss

Yorinori

2001

Fitopatol. bras.

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As perdas anuais por doenças, no Brasil, são estimadas em 15-20%, representando cerca de US$1,3 bilhão de prejuízos. Este trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a associação (infecção latente) dos patógenos com a planta de soja (Glycine max) e verificar o efeito do fungicida difenoconazole e da época de aplicação sobre a infecção latente e o rendimento da soja. Foi instalado um experimento em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições e quatro tratamentos; testemunha e aplicações do fungicida difenoconazole (75g i.a./ha) nos estádios de R5.3, R5.4 e R5.5. Para o estudo da infecção latente, seis plantas foram tomadas ao acaso em cada parcela nos estádios R5.2, R5.4 e R7.2. De cada planta foram coletados o folíolo central da folha do sétimo nó e segmentos de 5 cm da base, meio e topo da haste principal. Os folíolos e segmentos das hastes foram desinfestados, tratados com paraquat a 11,64%, incubados em câmara úmida por 3-4 dias e avaliados de acordo com o grau de colonização e freqüência dos fungos associados. Foram também avaliados a severidade das doenças de final de ciclo (DFC) (Septoria glycines e Cercospora kikuchii), a porcentagem de desfolha, a produtividade de grãos e o peso de 1.000 sementes (PMS). A infecção latente por Colletotrichum truncatum já havia ocorrido no estádio R5.2. A C. kikuchii ocorreu a partir de R5.2. Não foi observado efeito do fungicida ou da época de aplicação sobre a infecção latente. Não houve diferença de rendimento entre a testemunha e os estádios de aplicação do fungicida, porém, a severidade das DFC e a porcentagem de desfolha foram menores e o PMS foi maior na aplicação feita no estádio R5.4.

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Effect of Benomyl Applications on Soybean Seedborne Fungi, Seed Germination, and Yield

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Soybean Cultivar Yield Response to Benomyl, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Irrigation Levels

Soybean Cultivar Yield Response to Benomyl, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Irrigation Levels

Early Planting of Early‐Maturing Soybean: Effects on Seed Germination and Phomopsis Infection

Infecção latente de Colletotrichum truncatum e Cercospora kikuchii em soja

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