Effect of Bacterial Biofertilizer, Buffalo’s Organic Manure and Moringa Leaves Extract Spray in Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Local Orange Transplants

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in 2023 season of spring growth cycle in a special canopy in Al-Radwaniyah city, Baghdad Governorate to study effect of adding bacterial biofertilizer, buffalo organic fertilizer, and spraying moringa extract on growth and leaves mineral content of local orange transplants of two years old planted in plastic pots, as 108 are selected. A transplants of uniform in their vegetative growth, as far as possible, free of disease and insect infestations, study included addition of bacterial biofertilizer at four treatments: no addition (A1), addition of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteria (A2), addition of Azospirillum brasilense bacteria (A3) and addition of both types of bacteria (A4) and organic fertilizer (Decomposing buffalo manure) at three levels (0, 250 and 500 gm.soil-1), which are denoted by B0, B1, and B2, respectively and spray moringa extract at three levels (0, 20 and 40 gm.L-1), which are denoted M0, M1, and M2, respectively. Treatments were replicated three times (one transplant per experimental unit) at factorial experiment in a RCBD and thus number of transplants used was 108. experimental results showed that adding two types of bacteria (A4) and buffalo manure at a concentration of 500 gm.soil-1 (B2) and spraying moringa extract at a concentration of 40 gm.l-1 (M2) as interaction treatment A4B2M2 gave best results in plant height, leaves number, leaf area, leaf nitrogen and phosphorus content, It reached (45.33) cm, (230.1) leaves.plant-1, (41.67) cm2, (2.43) % and (0.236)%, respectively, compared to control treatment (without addition and without spraying).