Effect of “backward” masker fringe on the detectability of pulsed diotic and dichotic tonal signals

Trahiotis, Constantine; Dolan, Terrence R.; Miller, Theodore H.

doi:10.3758/bf03207217

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moreover, localization errors in the forward masker fringe condition (FMQ) are roughly 13° lower than errors in the backward masker fringe condition (QMF). This result is consistent with results from the binaural detection literature, which suggest that forward masker fringe provides a greater benefit than backward masker fringe [2]. The bars depicted in the third panel of Figure 3 indicate conditions in which the masker fringe degrades performance.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Several studies have shown that the threshold for a signal presented in noise may be reduced when the masking noise is turned on prior to the signal onset (forward masker fringe) and/or the noise is turned off subsequent to the signal offset (backward masker fringe) relative to the case in which the signal and masker are pulsed on and off simultaneously [1,2]. It has been argued that this masker fringe provides a baseline set of stimulus parameters against which the signal may be more easily detected [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Masker Fringe and Masker Sparial Uncertainty on Sound Localization

Simpson¹,

Gilkey²,

Brungart³

et al. 2010

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Masker Fringe and Masker Sparial Uncertainty on Sound Localization

Simpson¹,

Gilkey²,

Brungart³

et al. 2010

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“…One possible explanation is that subjects cannot exclude portions of the masker that immediately precede or follow the signal. There is strong evidence that continuing a pedestal after the cessation of a brief signal will raise the threshold for that signal (Penner et al, 1972;Trahiotis et al, 1972;Penner and Cudahy, 1973}. These papers suggest that there is a minimum interval, called the "critical masking interval," over which the auditory system must integrate energy.…”

Section: The Negative Continuous-gated Differencementioning

confidence: 97%

Continuous versus gated pedestals and the ‘‘severe departure’’ from Weber’s law

Carlyon

Moore

1986

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Thresholds were compared for the detection of 20-ms sinusoidal signals presented with either continuous or gated sinusoidal pedestals of the same frequency (500 or 6500 Hz). Pedestal levels ranged from 35-80 dB SPL. For 500-Hz signals, thresholds were lower in the continuous-pedestal condition than in the gated-pedestal condition, for all pedestal levels above 35 dB SPL. When the pedestal level was 35 dB, thresholds were higher in the continuous-pedestal condition than in the gated-pedestal condition. This was also true at all pedestal levels when bandstop noise centered around the pedestal frequency was added to the pedestal. For 6500-Hz signals, a deterioration in performance at intermediate levels, similar to that reported by Carlyon and Moore [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 76, 1369-1376 (1984)], was found in the gated-pedestal condition. No such deterioration occurred in the continuous-pedestal condition. However, masking signal onsets and offsets by bursts of bandpass noise produced a midlevel deterioration in the continuous-pedestal condition. This was true when bandstop noise was absent, and when it was gated on and off in each observation interval. When continuous bandstop noise was present, no midlevel deterioration was observed, even when onsets and offsets were masked. The results suggest that in the continuous-pedestal condition subjects may normally maintain performance across level at 6500 Hz by attending to a transient response to signal onsets. Presenting bursts of bandpass noise disrupts the detection of such a response. The absence of a midlevel deterioration when continuous bandstop noise was present may be related to the adaptation to the sinusoidal pedestal that was caused by the bandstop noise.

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“…4Leshowitz and Cudahy (1975) offered an explanation for the reversals in gated-continuous threshold differences based on the idea that there is a minimum interval, called the "critical masking interval," over which the auditory system must integrate energy (Penner et al, 1972;Trahiotis et al, 1972;Penner and Cudahy, 1973). It is possible that, for the continuous masker, subjects cannot exclude portions of the masker that immediately precede and follow the signal.…”

Section: Though the Slope For S3 Is Not Zero It Is Unlikely That Thmentioning

confidence: 97%

Transient masking and the temporal course of simultaneous tone-on-tone masking

Bacon

Moore

1987

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Previous studies have shown that threshold for a signal in tone-on-tone simultaneous masking is sometimes lower when the masker is continuous than when it is gated. Threshold may also decline as signal onset is delayed relative to the onset of a longer duration masker, though it may increase again near masker offset. In the present study, the level of a 1250-Hz sinusoidal masker was found which would just mask a 20-ms, 1000-Hz sinusoid presented at 10-dB sensation level (SL). Masker duration was 20 or 400 ms; in the latter case, the signal was presented in one of three temporal positions within the masker. The level of the 1250-Hz masker necessary to mask the signal was reduced, sometimes by as much as 20-25 dB, by a 20-ms, 500-Hz sinusoid (transient masker) presented at the times when the signal might occur, but at a level 30 dB below that at which it would mask the 10-dB SL signal. This suggests that, in the earlier studies, at least some of the elevation in threshold in the presence of a short-duration masker or at the beginning (or end) of a longer duration masker may have been due to the transient responses to the masker affecting detection of the signal, but not necessarily masking the signal in terms of excitation in the signal "channel."

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Effect of “backward” masker fringe on the detectability of pulsed diotic and dichotic tonal signals

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

The Impact of Masker Fringe and Masker Sparial Uncertainty on Sound Localization

The Impact of Masker Fringe and Masker Sparial Uncertainty on Sound Localization

Continuous versus gated pedestals and the ‘‘severe departure’’ from Weber’s law

Transient masking and the temporal course of simultaneous tone-on-tone masking

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