Effect of avocado (persea gratissima) leaf extract on calcium oxalate crystallization

Abstract

Kidney stones or nephrolithiasis is one of the most common urologic diseases worldwide and places a heavy burden on human health. The annual prevalence of kidney stones is estimated at 3-5% and the approximate lifetime prevalence is 15-25% worldwide 1. Kidney stone formation is a biological process involving the crystallization of several urinary minerals. These urinary stones develop when the minerals in urine aggregate and grow instead of being dissolved and passed out of the body 2. Kidney stones are predominantly (approximately 80%) composed of calcium oxalates and calcium phosphates, of which 70% are calcium oxalate stones 3. Calcium oxalate exists in three forms-monohydrate (COM, CaC 2 H 4 •H 2 O), dihydrate (COD, CaC 2 H 4 •2H 2 O), and trihydrate (COT,

Pain experiences of nephrolithiasis patients planned for percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A qualitative study

“…In parallel with the literature, it was determined that patients used hot application and distraction 17,29,30 for pain. It was determined that the patients also used some plants, and herbs (parsley, 26,31 avocado leaf, 32,33 Tribulus terrestris [34][35][36] ) and lemon juice [37][38][39][40] in parallel with the literature to get rid of kidney stones which were the source of their pain. In the study, there is information on using Viburnum opulus, hypericum perforatum, 41 strawberry root, 42 and nettle, 26 which the patients reported using in the literature.…”

Estudo etnobotânico de plantas medicinais utilizadas no tratamento de distúrbios urinários no município de Oriximiná – Pará, Brasil

“…Ensaios farmacológicos recentes demonstraram efeitos hipotensores por vasodilatação [101] . Outro estudo evidenciou que a formação de cristais de oxalato de cálcio, importante na geração dos cálculos renais, é reduzida, assim como a morfologia e o tamanho dos cristais são alterados pelo extrato de folhas de Persea americana [102] .…”