Effect of Austenitizing Temperature and Air Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Properties of the Low Carbon Mn-Si-Cr Steel

Liu, Dong Yu; Hou, Shi Xiang; Yuan, Ye; Bai, Bing; Liu, Zong De; Xu, Hong; Peng, Jian

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.527

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The FEI Quanta200F FE-SEM equipment was used to directly observe the pore structure characteristics of argon ion-milling processed shale samples with working distances ranging from 2.3 to 10.8 mm. , Various components in the shale can be identified by FE-SEM images.…”

Section: Experimental and Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Effect of Shale Pore Connectivity on the Adsorption State of Shale Gas: A Case Study of Continental Shale of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan Basin

Bai,

Duan,

Gao

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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The pore connectivity of shale directly affects the migration and distribution of oil and gas within shale reservoirs and controls the adsorption state of shale gas by determining the accessible pore spaces for methane molecules. However, previous studies mostly focused on the surficial properties, pore size, and specific surface area, ignoring the significant impact of pore connectivity on the adsorption state of shale gas. Accordingly, taking the continental shale of the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation from the northeastern Sichuan Basin as the research object, this study mainly investigates the effects of shale pore connectivity on the adsorption state of shale gas by conducting methane adsorption and field emission scanning electron microscopy experiments together with image processing software. The results show that the methane adsorption capacity per unit specific surface area of type III kerogen is higher than that of type II 2 kerogen, indicating type III kerogen has a stronger affinity to methane. However, the total methane adsorption capacity of type II 2 kerogen in Ziliujing Formation shale samples is about four times that of type III kerogen, which is due to the much higher specific surface area, providing more methane adsorption sites. The development of OM and clay minerals in the shale of the Ziliujing Formation has a certain orientation and promotes the pore connectivity of the shale. Furthermore, a better pore connectivity of shale samples, which is usually accompanied by more developed microfractures of OM and clay minerals, higher roughness of pore surface, and stronger randomness of pore arrangement, results in a stronger methane adsorption capacity. Based on the close relationship between pore connectivity and methane adsorption capacity, a new pore connectivity index is proposed, considering the difference between the actual and the theoretical methane adsorption capacity of shale samples. Finally, a shale methane adsorption model is established based on pore connectivity.

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Section: Experimental and Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Effect of Shale Pore Connectivity on the Adsorption State of Shale Gas: A Case Study of Continental Shale of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan Basin

Bai,

Duan,

Gao

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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show abstract

“…In this study, FEI Quanta200F FE-SEM was used to directly observe the pore structure characteristics of shale samples prepared via argon ion milling. The working voltage of FE-SEM was 20 kV, and the working distance was 10 nm …”

Section: Samples and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The working voltage of FE-SEM was 20 kV, and the working distance was 10 nm. 49 MicroMR12 was used to conduct NMR experiments, with a working temperature of 25 °C, magnetic field strength of 0.28 T, and frequency of 12 MHz. The parameters of the NMR test were as follows: the number of echoes was 6000, the waiting time was 1000 ms, the number of scans was 32, and the echo time was 0.07 ms. 50 In this study, original and water-saturated samples were used for NMR experiments to obtain the pore size distribution.…”

Section: Xrd and Rock Pyrolysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence Mechanisms of Laminated-Type and Sandwich-Type Shale Oil in the Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin

Gong,

Bai,

Gao

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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The shale oil resources of the Permian Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag are abundant, and the types of shale oil reservoirs therein are diverse. However, differences in the reservoir spaces, occurrence states, and source−reservoir configurations of different types of shale oil reservoirs restrict the in-depth understanding of the enrichment and accumulation mechanisms of shale oil in this formation. Thus, using multiple complementary experiments, this study systematically compared laminated-type and sandwich-type shale oil reservoirs (LTSOR and STSOR), in terms of hydrocarbon generation potential, physical characteristics, and oil-bearing properties. These two types of shale oil reservoirs had distinct differences in total organic carbon (TOC), porosity, oil saturation index, and S 1 , demonstrating differences in accumulation mechanisms. These two types of reservoirs were mainly dominated by inorganic intergranular pores and dissolution pores, and the storage capability of STSOR was much better than that of LTSOR. Specifically, STSOR mainly developed macropores, whereas LTSOR developed macropores and mesopores. The free oil content in the STSOR was found to be higher than that of the adsorbed oil, whereas the free and adsorbed oil contents in the LTSOR were similar. Furthermore, the shale oil occurrence in the STSOR was mainly affected by pore structure and mineral composition, whereas the shale oil occurrence in the LTSOR was affected by pore structure, mineral composition, TOC content, and sedimentary structure. The source−reservoir configuration relationship of STSOR was one where the upper and lower shale layers were source rocks, whereas the intercalated siltstone layers were reservoirs. The source−reservoir configuration of the LTSOR involved bright laminae as reservoirs and dark laminae as source rocks (i.e., integrated source and reservoir). Hydrocarbon accumulation models were established for the STSOR and LTSOR that involved source−reservoir configurations, occurrence states, and migration directions.

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Effect of Austenitizing Temperature and Air Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Properties of the Low Carbon Mn-Si-Cr Steel

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Controlling Effect of Shale Pore Connectivity on the Adsorption State of Shale Gas: A Case Study of Continental Shale of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan Basin

Controlling Effect of Shale Pore Connectivity on the Adsorption State of Shale Gas: A Case Study of Continental Shale of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan Basin

Occurrence Mechanisms of Laminated-Type and Sandwich-Type Shale Oil in the Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin

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