Effect of Auditory Stimulation During Early Development in Puppy Testing of Future Police Working Dogs

Alves, J. C.; Santos, Alessandro Santiago dos; Lopes, Bruna Mauer; Jorge, Patrícia

doi:10.1053/j.tcam.2018.08.004

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Other studies have focused on the effect music has on laboratory animals or livestock, concluding that some forms of music improve milk production and meat quality, while also decreasing potential indicators of stress, such as heart rate and blood pressure [ 27 ]. More commonly, research involving music and companion animals has focused on pet welfare in kenneled environments (working and shelter dog populations) [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Results from these studies have indicated that the type of auditory stimuli is important, with kenneled dogs showing more calm behaviors when exposed to classical music [ 33 ], and more active behaviors when exposed to heavy metal music [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Music on Stress Parameters in Dogs during a Mock Veterinary Visit

King¹,

Flint²,

Hunt³

et al. 2022

Animals

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Veterinary visits can be stressful for dogs, but how their wellbeing changes during a visit is not well understood. Music therapy has been successfully used in clinical practice to alleviate stress and anxiety in people. The present study aimed to understand how canine stress changes during a veterinary visit, establish the effect of music, and highlight measures which may be of practical use. In a randomized crossover design, dogs were exposed to no music and a bespoke piece of classical music at a tempo designed to match their resting heart rate during a mock veterinary visit. Dogs were scored as more “afraid” during the physical examination compared to when they were in the hospital kennel (p < 0.001). Salivary cortisol, IgA, and infrared temperature all increased significantly (p < 0.05) from baseline to post-kennel and post-examination, with no effect of music treatment. Core body temperature (p = 0.010) and the odds of ‘relaxed’ lips (p = 0.020) were lower when dogs were exposed to music compared to control visits. Overall, dogs experienced changes in physiology and behavior, indicative of increased stress, over the course of the visit. Additional research is required to further understand the effect that bespoke music may have in alleviating canine stress during veterinary visits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Music on Stress Parameters in Dogs during a Mock Veterinary Visit

King¹,

Flint²,

Hunt³

et al. 2022

Animals

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show abstract

“…One study indicated that playing the radio during feeding time in German shepherd puppies between the ages of 16 and 32 days led to more favourable responses to sudden loud noises when tested in a puppy test at the age of seven weeks [25]. On the other hand, no beneficial effects of gradually increased auditory stimulation from the age of three weeks was found when 7-week old puppies (German shepherds, Belgian Malinois, Dutch shepherd, and crosses between these breeds) were exposed to sudden noises in a behaviour test [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not a one-way road—Severity, progression and prevention of firework fears in dogs

Riemer

2019

PLoS ONE

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Noise fears represent a highly prevalent welfare problem in dogs. An online survey was performed to explore severity and progression of firework fears in dogs, and relationships with demographics, health, behaviour problems and owners’ training efforts to prevent or alleviate firework fears. Fifty-two percent of dogs in the sample (N = 1225) were at least partially affected by firework fears, and the majority developed a fear of fireworks in the first year of life, with a decreasing frequency of new occurrences up until seven years, and only few newly affected dogs beyond this age. While almost three-quarters of fearful dogs had recovered by the next morning following firework exposure, recovery took up to one day in 10%, up to one week in 12%, and several weeks or even months in >3%. Univariate analyses indicated a significant effect of breed group, age, sex, neuter status, origin and age at acquisition on severity of firework fears in dogs. However, binomial models including multiple predictors of presence/ absence of firework fears identified only age, breed group (mixed breeds being most affected), health problems, and an interaction between health problems and age as significant predictors. This discrepancy might be explained by collinearities of predictors and underlying differences between mixed-breed dogs and purebreds, such as mixed breeds being acquired from shelters more often and being neutered more often. Firework fears are highly correlated with fears of gunshots and thunder, and to a low extent with fears of other noises, but not with any other behavioural problems. Both improvement and deterioration of firework fears were frequently reported. While an early age of onset and breed differences point to a strong genetic contribution to firework fears, the data indicate that training puppies or non-fearful adults to associate the noise with positive stimuli is highly effective in preventing later development of firework fears.

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“…On the other hand, it may turn them more prone to episodes of diarrhea, as a stool score corresponding to diarrhea was predicted by activity level. The management of stress in working dogs from a very early age has recently increased interest [ 21 , 22 ] and may help address this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey on the prevalence of diarrhea in a Portuguese population of police working dogs

Alves

Jorge²,

Santos³

2021

BMC Vet Res

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Background Diarrhea is considered the most common clinical sign of chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs and affects a considerable portion of working and sporting dogs. We aimed to determine the prevalence of diarrhea in police working dogs and evaluate the relationship between feeding, activity level, and animal characteristics with clinical signs. In an observational, prospective study, information on 188 dogs was collected. For each patient, age, sex, breed, specific mission, number of animals at the same housing location, and activity level was recorded. A body condition (BCS) and canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI) scores were determined, and feces classified according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare recorded data between breeds, mission, age, and sex. Multiple regression was run to predict BCS score, increased defecation frequency, diarrhea, CIBDAI scores, Bristol stool scores, diarrhea from activity level, number of animals at the same housing location, breed, and mission. A p < 0.05 was set. Results Animals in the sample (male n = 96, female n = 92) had a mean age of 5.2 ± 3.2 years and a bodyweight of 24.1 ± 7.2 kg. Four main dog breeds were represented, 80 Belgian Malinois Shepherd Dogs, 52 German Shepherd Dogs, 25 Labrador Retrievers, and 19 Dutch Shepherd Dog. A prevalence of diarrhea of 10.6% was determined, with 4% of dogs having liquid diarrhea. Dogs classified as “extremely active” were more likely to have a low BCS, and the level of activity contributed to diarrhea and BCS prediction. Conclusion Police working dogs frequently experience diarrhea episodes, which lead to clinical disease and performance loss. Investigation of aetiologies is required.

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Effect of Auditory Stimulation During Early Development in Puppy Testing of Future Police Working Dogs

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Music on Stress Parameters in Dogs during a Mock Veterinary Visit

Effect of Music on Stress Parameters in Dogs during a Mock Veterinary Visit

Not a one-way road—Severity, progression and prevention of firework fears in dogs

A survey on the prevalence of diarrhea in a Portuguese population of police working dogs

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