Effect of Atorvastatin and Vitamin D against Multi-drug Resistant Staphylococcus spp and Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Cases

Abstract

Background: In the current scenario, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has made it difficult to treat bacterial infections alone using antibacterial agents. Methods: Milk samples collected from 100 mastitis affected cows from August 2018 to June 2019 and were stored at 4°C. After species confirmation, isolates were subjected to ABST and screened for resistance genes - mecA, blaTEM using PCR. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of tetracycline and ampicillin were determined against both Staphylococcus spp and E. coli, alone and in combination with atorvastatin, vitamin D by using a modified microdilution method. Result: Staphylococcus and E. coli isolates showed 80.65% and 85.71%, 100% and 85.71% resistance against tetracycline and ampicillin, respectively. Atorvastatin and vitamin D did not display antibacterial effects as sole agents against both bacterial species. However, there was a significant decrease in the MIC of ampicillin against E. coli and Staphylococcus spp when combined with atorvastatin and vitamin D but not for tetracycline.