Effect of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on Shear Bond Strength Between Zirconia and Dental Porcelain Veneer

Abstract

Various surface treatments on zirconia have been reported for dental porcelain veneer. However, it has not been determined which of these treatments provide the highest bond strength. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of airborne particle abrasion and atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the shear bond strength between zirconia and dental porcelain veneer. The groups were divided into four groups according to the surface treatment method: the control group, the atmospheric pressure plasma treated group (group P), the airborne particle abrasion group (group A), the atmospheric pressure plasma treated group after the airborne particle abrasion (group AP). Atmospheric pressure plasma was applied on the specimens using a plasma generator (Plasma JET, POLYBIOTECH Co. Ltd., Gwangju, Korea) and airborne-particle abraded with 110 µm. The characteristics of surface treated zirconia were analyzed by 3D-OP, XRD, XPS and contact angle. The shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine. The shear bond strength of group P was significantly increased compared to that of the control group (P < 0.05). The shear bond strength of group AP was significantly increased as compared to group A (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the group P and group A (P > 0.05). As a result of this study, the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment showed significantly higher shear bond strength than control group, but similar to the airborne particle abrasion, and the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment after the airborne particle abrasion provided the highest shear bond strength. This study demonstrated that application atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on zirconia may be useful for increasing bond strength between zirconia and dental porcelain veneer.

Effect of nonthermal plasma treatment on surface roughness and bond strength between veneer ceramic and zirconia core

“…The present study's results were confirmed by the previous literature, which has reported that no phase transformation takes place during plasma treatment. 18,19,25,26,34 In addition, the NTP application did not change the surface topography of the zirconia specimens compared to the C group. This finding is also in concordance with recent studies.…”

“…21,24,25,[29][30][31][32][33]38,39 In addition, recent researches report that argon plasma treatment enhances the bonding of the veneer ceramic to the zirconia core in zirconia-based systems. 6,16,34,35 Such findings suggest that plasma treatment could be a potential alternative for modifying the zirconia surface and improving its bond with the veneer ceramic. However, not enough information has been compiled concerning the appropriate plasma application for achieving this strengthened bond.…”

“…18,19 The plasma devices, gas types, and application time appear in a wide range in the plasma-used studies. Some studies used atmospheric pressure plasma, 6,16,34 while others used low-pressure plasma systems. 23,26,35,36 Gases such as argon, oxygen, CH 4 , or a mixture of them were used for periods of 30 s to 30 min in the studies that investigated the effectiveness of plasma on the bonding between the zirconia and veneer ceramic.…”

“…23,26,35,36 Gases such as argon, oxygen, CH 4 , or a mixture of them were used for periods of 30 s to 30 min in the studies that investigated the effectiveness of plasma on the bonding between the zirconia and veneer ceramic. 6,16,34,35,37 Only one study was found that examined the effect of different plasma application times on the bond strength between the veneer ceramic and the zirconia core and found that the bond strength of veneer ceramics was higher in 750 s of argon plasma application compared to 375 s of application. 35 Wu et al 26 reported that the 5-min oxygen plasma application increases the hydrophilicity of the zirconia surface.…”

Effect of the Plasma Gas Type on the Surface Characteristics of 3Y-TZP Ceramic

“…The carbon content was found to be a remarkable reduction in the N 2 /Ar group compared to those in other groups, indicating that the surface subjected to N 2 /Ar plasma irradiation was less susceptible to carbon contamination during the subsequent handling in the air. During the plasma treatment, the remnant organic compounds at the surface were removed by breaking a C–C bond [ 31 ]. The surface oxidation occurred with a formation of new functional groups (C–O and C=O bonds) [ 32 ], thereby enhancing the surface hydrophilicity [ 33 ].…”