Effect of ascorbic acid on<i>in vivo</i>organogenesis in tomato plants

Johkan, Masahumi; Mori, Genjiro; Mitsukuri, Kazuhiko; Mishiba, Kei‐ichiro; Morikawa, Tomomi; Imahori, Yoshihiro; Oda, Masayuki

doi:10.1080/14620316.2008.11512433

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Etiolation of stems by covering the cut surface with an aluminum cap increased the number of regenerated shoots (Johkan et al, 2008a(Johkan et al, , 2008c(Johkan et al, , 2011. Foliar application of ascorbic acid after decapitation also promoted adventitious shoot formation (Johkan et al, 2008b(Johkan et al, , 2011. However, efficiency of shoot regeneration might be further improved by incorporation of other techniques such as treatment with PGRs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Auxin and Cytokinin on In Vivo Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from Decapitated Tomato Plants

Tezuka¹,

Harada²,

Johkan³

et al. 2011

horts

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Adventitious shoots can be regenerated from the cut surface of the primary shoot and lateral branches in decapitated plants in vivo. This inherent regenerative ability of plants is useful for mass propagation. In the present study, we conducted histological observations of shoot regeneration and applied auxin and cytokinin to decapitated seedlings in four tomato cultivars. The cultivars produced different numbers of adventitious shoots after decapitation; ‘Petit’ produced the largest number of adventitious shoots (78.5 ± 10.2) and ‘Momotaro’ produced the fewest (12.1 ± 3.3). Histological observation of ‘Petit’ revealed that adventitious shoots regenerated from calli formed at the cut surface of stems. Adventitious shoot formation was inhibited by the presence of lateral branches. Shoot regeneration was prevented by application of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid to ‘Petit’. Application of 6-benzyladenine promoted shoot regeneration in ‘Momotaro’. These results suggest auxin synthesized de novo from the lateral branches inhibited shoot regeneration after decapitation and endogenous cytokinin might stimulate shoot regeneration. Chemical names: 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 6-benzyladenine (BA)

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Auxin and Cytokinin on In Vivo Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from Decapitated Tomato Plants

Tezuka¹,

Harada²,

Johkan³

et al. 2011

horts

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“…Five to 10 flowers per plant that opened between 13 and 15 Oct. were emasculated before anthesis, and five flowers per plant were artificially self-pollinated at anthesis. Twenty self-pollinated ovaries were sampled 0, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after anthesis, respectively, and were fixed, dehydrated, and stained according to Johkan et al (2008). Ovary transverse sections (12 or 20 mm thick) were observed by light microscopy (BX-50; Olympus, Tokyo), and the number of ovules were counted in 15 ovaries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Production Enhanced by Antiauxin in the pat-2 Parthenocarpic Tomato Mutant

Johkan¹,

Chiba²,

Mitsukuri³

et al. 2010

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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There is concern that high temperatures resulting from global warming could reduce fruit set of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, fruit set of parthenocarpic tomato genotypes, which often bears seedless fruit, is not reduced when grown under a high temperature. The cause of seedless fruit development was studied with the aim of increasing the seed number in parthenocarpic tomato. Ovule number at anthesis in parthenocarpic and non-parthenocarpic fruit did not differ, but the proportion of undeveloped ovules increased with time after anthesis in parthenocarpic tomato, whereas most ovules in non-parthenocarpic tomato developed normally. Pollen grains germinated on the stigma and extruded pollen tubes in parthenocarpic and non-parthenocarpic tomatoes, but in parthenocarpic tomato, pollen tube elongation was markedly inhibited in the style base. Elongation of pollen tubes on agar containing indoleacetic acid (IAA) was depressed in parthenocarpic and non-parthenocarpic tomato plants. p-Chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB), which inhibits auxin action, did not affect the fruit set and fresh weight in either type of tomato, although seed number per fruit in parthenocarpic tomato was significantly increased from 13 ± 2 to 74 ± 6 seeds by PCIB treatment. These results indicated that a high IAA concentration in the ovary of parthenocarpic tomato inhibited pollen tube elongation, and that poor fertilization resulted in failure of ovule development. Moreover, floral organs in parthenocarpic tomato were normally developed as in non-parthenocarpic tomato, and seed development could be induced in parthenocarpic tomato by PCIB treatment.

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“…Fukuoka and Enomoto (2007) reported that lower regeneration in browning Taphanaus roots was associated with increased activities of PAL and PPO, and with impaired activity of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. In our previous reports, etiolation-treatment prevented the accumulation of phenols (Johkan et al, 2008a), and AsA-treatment scavenged ROS in the cut ends of tomato stems (Johkan et al, 2008b) when shoot regeneration from the cut ends of tomato stems increased. Etiolation treatment suppressed the accumulation of phenolic compounds, which have antioxidant properties, so the increases in activities of antioxidant enzymes in the cut ends of etiolated tomato stems might compensate for the decrease in phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the results of our previous studies, we thought that AsA treatment affected the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Johkan et al, 2008b) and that etiolation treatment suppressed synthesis of phenols (Johkan et al, 2008a, c). Scavenging of ROS by antioxidant enzymes (Libik et al, 2005;Qin et al, 2005;Tian et al, 2003) and suppression of phenolic oxidation, which suppressed plant regeneration from explants (Gupta and Datta, 2003;Mitsukuri et al, 2009;Sharma and Singh, 2002), were reported as key factors for efficient in vitro micropropagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several methods that promote shoot regeneration from the cut ends of tomato stems have been reported. For example, foliar application of ascorbic acid (AsA) resulted in a 1.4-times increase 46 in shoot regeneration compared with the control (Johkan et al, 2008b), and an etiolation treatment of the cut ends increased the regeneration rate to at least double that of the control (Johkan et al, 2008a(Johkan et al, , c, 2009). However, the synergetic effect of simultaneous AsA and etiolation treatments on promoting shoot regeneration was not investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Etiolation on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism during Shoot Regeneration from Cut Ends of Tomato Stems

Johkan

Imahori

Furukawa

et al. 2011

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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We investigated the effects of ascorbic acid (AsA) or etiolation treatments on the regeneration of shoots from cut ends of tomato stems. For the AsA treatment, AsA solution was applied to leaves of tomato plants immediately after cutting the main stem. The etiolation treatment consisted of covering the cut stem with an aluminum cap. When applied individually, the AsA or etiolation treatments resulted in increased numbers of shoots regenerated from the cut stem. However, application of both treatments simultaneously did not have a synergetic effect on the number of shoots regenerated. To clarify the mechanisms by which these treatments promoted shoot regeneration, we determined the effects of AsA or etiolation treatments on scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidant enzymes and phenylpropanoid metabolism in the cut ends of tomato stems during the shoot regeneration process. In this study, activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase) were higher in most of the stems that received AsA or etiolation treatments, compared with those of the control. In addition, compared with the control, plants treated with individual AsA or etiolation had lower levels of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and phenols, and lower phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. These results indicated that the promotive effects of individual AsA or etiolation treatments on shoot regeneration from cut tomato stems can be attributed to the same mechanism, which involves the high activity of antioxidant enzyme, suppression of oxidative stress and phenol accumulation.

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Effect of ascorbic acid onin vivoorganogenesis in tomato plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Auxin and Cytokinin on In Vivo Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from Decapitated Tomato Plants

Effects of Auxin and Cytokinin on In Vivo Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from Decapitated Tomato Plants

Seed Production Enhanced by Antiauxin in the pat-2 Parthenocarpic Tomato Mutant

Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Etiolation on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism during Shoot Regeneration from Cut Ends of Tomato Stems

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