Effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus and Asteracanthus longifolia on glucose tolerance in normal human subjects and in maturity-onset diabetic patients

Fernando, M.R.; Wickramasinghe, Susiji; Thabrew, M.I.; Ariyananda, P. L.; Karunanayake, E.H.

doi:10.1016/0378-8741(91)90012-3

Cited by 115 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hot water extract (equivalent to 20 g/kg of starting material) of Artocarpus heterophyllus mature leaf was administered orally to 20 normal and diabetic volunteers in each group 1 h before glucose loading. Reduced blood glucose level was observed after 30 min of glucose administration (Fernando et al, 1991). DM is a chronic disorder thus a chronic clinical study would provide more accurate results.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence and Active Compound Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine – An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources

Sathasivampillai

Rajamanoharan

Munday

et al. 2017

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Cite this article as: Saravanan V. Sathasivampillai, Pholtan R.S. Rajamanoharan, Michael Munday and Michael Heinrich, Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine -an ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jep.2016.07.053 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Abstract Introduction and background:In recent decades diabetes mellitus has become a considerable health problem in countries like Sri Lanka and results in an increasing economic burden hampering the social and economic development of these countries. About 60 to 70 % of the rural population in Sri Lanka rely on indigenous medicinal systems as their main source for primary health care. Siddha (Tamil) Medicine is one of the four Sri Lankan traditional medicinal systems and it is practised mostly in the eastern and northern provinces of Sri Lanka where the majority of Tamils reside. Aim:The foundation of this study is a documentation of plant species recorded in historical and modern Sri Lankan Siddha Medical documents used to treat diabetes. Based on the systematic documentation and analysis of Siddha concepts about diabetes and its signs and preparations used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine, the plant species included in these preparations (excluding globally or very widely used, very well studied species) were evaluated in terms of the current stateof-the-art about these species' pharmacology and effectiveness in order to lay a foundation for their further development. Method:Historic and modern Sri Lankan university texts books in Tamil were used as sources for information on diabetes Siddha concepts and antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations. Information on the known antidiabetic effects of extracts and compounds obtained from these species were used in order to assess the current state of the art of these species. Results and discussion: Information of ingredients, preparation methods, amount of ingredients used, and dosages of 60 antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations were obtained. Animal parts including marine organisms, inorganic substances, and plants are the three types of ingredients used. Overall 171 plant species in 73 families were documented. Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. (Fabaceae) was identified as the most frequently cited species. Globally distributed and very well studied plants were excluded in the pharmacological and clinical literature review which includes 123 plant species. The majority (48 %) of the plant species reviewed were studied up to in vivo level as...

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Section: Clinical Evidence and Active Compound Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine – An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources

Sathasivampillai

Rajamanoharan

Munday

et al. 2017

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…The 2.2kg of the ground fruit was subjected to exhaustive Soxhlet-extraction in 3L distilled water at 100 ºC to give the extract yield 15.3% w / w (Mittal et al, 1981;Fernando et al, 1991;Lin et al, 1999). The resultant solution was concentrated in vacuo and it was stored in a specimen bottle and kept in a desiccator at room temperature until when required.…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Function in Acute Triton-induced Hyperlipidaemic Rats after Being Administered Aqueous Fruit Extract of Solanum macrocarpum, alpha-Solanidine and Standard Hypolipidaemic Agents

Sodipo¹,

Abdulrahman²,

Sandabe³

et al. 2012

JPS

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Experimental studies were carried out on the effect of Solanum macrocarpum, α-Solanidine (a glycoalkaloid found in the Solanaceae), three antihyperlipidaemic drugs (nicotinic aid, simvastin and cholestyramine) on forty two (42) male rats made hyperlipidaemic by treating them with 400 mg/kg triton-X for 7 days. The rats were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each. At 24 h, 48 h and 72h respectively, the rats in each group were humanely sacrificed and blood samples collected for endocrine function analysis which included thyroid hormones (thyroxine or T 4 , 3, 5, 3 -triiodothyronine or T 3 and thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH), sex hormones (testosterone and 17β oestradiol) and the pancreatic hormone, insulin. Changes in T 3 , T 4 , oestradiol, testosterone and insulin were significant (p< 0.05) throughout the period of study. There was no change in the TSH values (p> 0.05) throughout the period of study. For the extract, T 3 significantly increased (p< 0.05) from 0.60±0.14ng/mL to 0.65±0.13 ng/mL and then decreased to 0.55±0.21ng/mL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. For α-Solanidine and the three hypolipidaemic drugs, T 3 values were too small to be measured i.e. < 0.20 ng/mL. For the extract, T 4 significantly increased (P< 0.05) from 3.60±0.5 µg/dL to 4.30±0.43 µg/dL and then decreased to 3.80±0.28 µg/dL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. For α-solanidine and the three hypolipidaemic drugs, the T 4 values at 24h were 4.00±0.00 µg/dL, whilst the values remained the same at 48h and 72h i.e. there was no change. For testosterone, oestradiol and insulin, the values of the negative control were higher than those of the positive control. For the extract, the oestradiol values significantly increased (P< 0.05) from 18.00 ±4.24 pg/mL to 19.50±4.24pg/mL, then decreased to 15.04±4.24 pg/mL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. For α-solanidine and the three hypolipidaemic drugs, the values of oestradiol were too small to be measured i.e. < 5.00 pg/mL. For the extract, the testosterone level was 0.20±0.07 ng/mL at 24h, 0.20±0.00 ng/mL at 48h and < 0.20 mg/mL at 72h, i.e. the value could not be measured. For the other four agents, the level of testosterone was < 0.20 ng/mL i.e. too low to be measured. For the extract, the insulin values significantly decreased (p< 0.05) from 2.00±0.00 µU/mL to 1.00±0.00 µU/mL and <1.00 µU/mL (i.e. too low to be measured) at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. On administration of α-solanidine, NA, cholestyramine and simvastatin the insulin levels remained almost constant throughout the period of study. For α-solanidine, the values were 1.50±0.00 µU/mL, 2.00±0.00 µU/mL and 2.00±0.00 µU/mL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. For NA, the insulin level remained at 2.00±0.00 µU/mL throughout the study period, for cholestyramine, the insulin values were 2.00±0.00 µU/mL and 1.00±0.00 µU/mL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively whilst simvastatin had insulin values of 1.50±0.00 µU/mL, 2.00±0.00 µU/mL and 2.25±0.50 µU/mL at 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. The aqueous fruit extract of S. macrocarpum when comp...

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“…Non-insulin-dependent forms of diabetes can be produced by administration of a low dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) or alloxan [32]. These kinds of models of diabetes are considered a screening step in the search for drugs for the treatment of diabetes [33].…”

Section: Animal Models Of Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidaemic Effects of an Ethylacetate Fraction of Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves

Chackrewarthy¹,

Thabrew²

2012

Glucose Tolerance

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Effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus and Asteracanthus longifolia on glucose tolerance in normal human subjects and in maturity-onset diabetic patients

Cited by 115 publications

References 3 publications

Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine – An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources

Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine – An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources

Endocrine Function in Acute Triton-induced Hyperlipidaemic Rats after Being Administered Aqueous Fruit Extract of Solanum macrocarpum, alpha-Solanidine and Standard Hypolipidaemic Agents

Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidaemic Effects of an Ethylacetate Fraction of Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves

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