Effect of Artificial Insemination Protocol and Dose of Frozen/Thawed Stallion Semen on Pregnancy Results in Mares

Govaere, Jan; Hoogewijs, Maarten; Schauwer, Catharina De; Vliegher, Sarne De; Soom, Ann Van; Duchateau, Luc; Kruif, Aart de

doi:10.1111/rda.12316

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The only mares determined to have chronic endometritis (treated mares) were inseminated at the third ovulation using a stallion's frozen/thawed semen, which had a 35%–40% pregnancy rate. Every 6 h while in mares in oestrus, the dominant follicle was assessed by ultrasound, and within 6 h after ovulation, mares were inseminated intrauterine using frozen/thawed semen (in one straw [0.5 mL; Govaere et al, 2014]), with a check of pregnancy on days 9, 14 and 20.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The therapeutic effect of stem cell‐derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic endometritis as assessed by histopathological, Doppler and hormonal expression in Arabian mares

Abdelnaby,

Abdallah,

Anwar

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryBackgroundBone‐derived exosomes are considered nano‐sized extracellular vesicles secreted by the bone marrow stromal cells.ObjectivesThis study used exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to treat chronic endometritis in Arabian mares with follow‐up alterations in haemodynamics, hormonal and histopathological expressions.Methods and study designFourteen (n = 14) Arabian mares (aged 13–15 years old) were equally divided into the control group and an endometritis group (chronic type). Exosomes were infused twice 21 days apart at the first and second ovulations. Follow‐up was done ultrasonographically, and samples were taken for histopathology. Blood samples were taken to estimate hormonal levels.ResultsUterine biopsy samples before treatment showed a marked degree of degeneration, while the second exosomal treatment showed regression of fibrous tissue and restoration of healthy endometrial glands with normal epithelium. Uterine body and horns thickness/mm were decreased after treatment at day 0 of the 3rd ovulation compared to day −1 before treatment, the uterine body‐coloured area and total uterine coloured areas/pixels were elevated (p < 0.05) at day 0 of the 3rd ovulation compared to day −1 before treatment. Uterine artery blood parameters (pulsatility index, resistance index, peak systolic and end‐diastolic points) did not change before, during and after treatment, but the blood flow rate was elevated (p < 0.05) on day 0 of the 3rd ovulation compared to day −1 before treatment. Oestradiol level was decreased (p < 0.05), while progesterone level was increased (p < 0.05) on day 0 of the 3rd ovulation compared to day −1 before treatment.ConclusionTwo intrauterine administrations of exosomes restored the normal endometrial appearance after chronic endometritis resulting in the elevation of the conception rate in infertile mares.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The therapeutic effect of stem cell‐derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic endometritis as assessed by histopathological, Doppler and hormonal expression in Arabian mares

Abdelnaby,

Abdallah,

Anwar

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…Deep horn insemination (as opposed to uterine body insemination) has been shown to improve pregnancy rates with relatively low-dose frozen semen breeding (Brinsko et al, 2003;Buchanan et al, 2000;Govaere et al, 2014); no minimum threshold of sperm number has been established.…”

Section: Mare Manag Ementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stallion semen cryopreservation: Frozen semen preparation, handling and breeding

Pasch

2024

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryThe use of cryopreserved stallion semen is a significant aspect of equine reproduction, despite the tendency for lower per cycle pregnancy rates than cooled or fresh semen. This decreased fertility of thawed frozen semen is due in part to the innate subfertility of the chosen male breeding population, but also to the direct insults to the sperm cell during the freezing and subsequent thawing process. The mare aspect of frozen semen breeding is intensively managed to compensate for the aforementioned damages, and acceptable pregnancy rates can be achieved. Here we describe the stallion semen cryopreservation process including semen collection, expected causes of damage in processing, freezing and thawing, mare management and future directions.

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“…Many studies have been conducted to find the optimal sperm concentration per insemination dose without compromising the stallion fertility (Morris, 2004;Samper and Plough, 2010;Govaere et al, 2014). The recommended minimum number of spermatozoa required for conventional artificial insemination in the mare is 200 × 10 6 progressively motile spermatozoa (Morris, 2004) and with less than 100 × 10 6 million spermatozoa will result in decreased pregnancy rates per cycle (Pace and Sullivan, 1975;Voss et al, 1979).…”

Section: Freshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentoxifylline effects on capacitation and fertility of stallion epididymal sperm

Guasti

Monteiro

Maziero

et al. 2017

Animal Reproduction Science

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The aims of this study were to determinate whether pentoxifylline (PTX) increases the motion parameters of fresh and frozen-thawed equine epididymal spermatozoa, to evaluate the tyrosine phosphorylation of frozen-thawed epididymal sperm in the presence of PTX and to determine whether the PTX-treatment of stallion epididymal sperm prior to freezing improves the fertility response of mares to a reduced number of spermatozoa per insemination dose. Fifty epididymis were flushed with a skim milk based extender with or without PTX. The pre-treatment with PTX enhanced the sperm motility after being harvested (P<0.05); however the freeze-thaw process did not alter the sperm kinematics between control and treated samples (P>0.05). Plasma membrane integrity did not differ between control and PTX group after recovery and after thawing (P>0.05), as observed in tyrosine phosphorylation, which the PTX treatment did not alter the percentage of tail-associated immunofluorescence of cryopreserved epididymal sperm (P>0.05). For the fertility trial, different insemination groups were tested: 800×10 epididymal sperm (C800); 100×10 epididymal sperm (C100); 100×10 epididymal sperm recovered in an extender containing PTX (PTX100). The conception rates for C800; C100 and PTX100 were 68.7% (11/16); 31.5% (5/16) and 50% (8/16), respectively. The conception rate did not differ among groups (P>0.05), however, a low number of animals was used in this study. A trend toward significance (P=0.07) was observed between C800 and C100 groups. In conclusion, PTX has no deleterious effect on sperm motility, viability and capacitation of cryopreserved stallion epididymal sperm. The conventional artificial insemination with 100×10 sperm recovered with PTX ensures acceptable conception rates and maximize the limited number of doses of cryopreserved stallion epididymal sperm.

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Effect of Artificial Insemination Protocol and Dose of Frozen/Thawed Stallion Semen on Pregnancy Results in Mares

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

The therapeutic effect of stem cell‐derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic endometritis as assessed by histopathological, Doppler and hormonal expression in Arabian mares

The therapeutic effect of stem cell‐derived exosomes in the treatment of chronic endometritis as assessed by histopathological, Doppler and hormonal expression in Arabian mares

Stallion semen cryopreservation: Frozen semen preparation, handling and breeding

Pentoxifylline effects on capacitation and fertility of stallion epididymal sperm

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