Effect of Applying Roy’s Adaptation Model on Quality of Life for Patients with Vitiligo

Abstract

Background: Vitiligo is a widespread skin condition described by immune-mediated destruction of melanocytes, which has a negative impact on quality of life and increased patients' stigmatization. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying Roy's adaptation model on quality of life for patients with vitiligo. Research design: A quasiexperimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at Dermatology and Leprosy Clinics in Benha City, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample included 146 vitiligo patients and equally separated into two groups (study 73 patients and control 73 patients). Tools: Three tools were used, I: An interviewing questionnaire consisted of three parts, patients' demographic characteristics, patients' past and present medical history and patients' knowledge regarding vitiligo. II: Dermatology life quality index questionnaire to assess quality of life for vitiligo patients. III: Roy's adaptation model to assess vitiligo patients' adaptive behavior. Results: The present study revealed that all studied patients complained of skin whitening, had affected face and were feeling embarrassed from society's view. There was a significant improvement in the total levels of study group' knowledge, quality of life and adaptive behavior post one and three months of Roy's adaptation model implementation compared with control group. Also, dermatology life quality score post Roy's Adaptation model implementation was best predicted among study group by age, marital status, total knowledge and total adaptive behavior respectively and among control group by marital status, occupation, monthly income, and total adaptive behavior respectively. Conclusion: Applying Roy's adaptation model effectively improved knowledge, quality of life and adaptive behavior among study group patients. Recommendations: Designing care program based on Roy's adaptation model to enhance vitiligo patients' quality of life and adaptive behavior.