Effect of Apitherapy Formulations against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats after Three Weeks of Treatment

Abstract

Abstract:The human body is exposed nowadays to increasing attacks by toxic compounds in polluted air, industrially processed foods, alcohol and drug consumption that increase liver toxicity, leading to more and more severe cases of hepatic disorders. The present paper aims to evaluate the influence of the apitherapy diet in Wistar rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity, by analyzing the biochemical determinations (enzymatic, lipid and protein profiles, coagulation parameters, minerals, blood count parameters, bilirubin levels) and histopathological changes at the level of liver, spleen and pancreas. The experiment was carried out on six groups of male Wistar rats. Hepatic lesions were induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (dissolved in paraffin oil, 10% solution). Two mL per 100 g were administered, every 2 days, for 2 weeks. Hepatoprotection was achieved with two apitherapy diet formulations containing honey, pollen, propolis, Apilarnil, with/without royal jelly. Biochemical results reveal that the two apitherapy diet formulations have a positive effect on improving the enzymatic, lipid, and protein profiles, coagulation, mineral and blood count parameters and bilirubin levels. The histopathological results demonstrate the benefits of the two apitherapy diet formulations on reducing toxicity at the level of liver, spleen and pancreas in laboratory animals.

Ameliorative Effect of Hesperidin on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats

“…Our observations add further evidence for the previous reports of [36] who reported that CCl4 increases lipid profile through cellular oxidative stress, one of the main causes of hepatic lesions produced by CCl4 mediated by the free radicals derived from this toxic substance. The intensification of the oxidative stress enhances the influence of non-essential fatty acids which, in turn, increase the serum and tissue levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.…”

“…It has been shown that antioxidants and flavonoids can act as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation by neutralising the radicals of polyunsaturated fatty acids and by interrupting the chain reactions, suppress the influence of non-essential fatty acids which, in turn, decrease the serum and tissue levels of cholesterol and triglycerides [36].…”

Attenuation of Carbon Tetrachloride and Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats by Calligonum Comosum Shoot Extract

“…This result is in agreement with Andritoiu et al [55]. An improvement of the A/G ratio revealed in rats pretreated with C. comosum extract was due to an increase of serum albumin with a relative decrease of the globulin values.…”

Hypolipidemic effect of azima tetracantha on lipid profile markers of carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in rats

“…Azima tetracantha leaves extract restored cholesterol to normal levels, like silymarin restoring TGS to normal levels (Table 1) Results of this investigation disclosed that CCl 4 increased serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL, while it produced a remarkable decrease in serum levels of HDL. Our observations add further evidence for the previous reports of ( Andritoiu et al, 2014), that CCl 4 aggravates lipid pro ile by cellular oxidative stress. Mediated by the free radicals derived from CCL 4, hepatic lesions are produced.…”