Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Ozone-Induced Lung Injury in Human Subjects

Samet, James M.; Hatch, Gary E.; Horstman, Donald H.; Steck-Scott, Susan; Arab, Lenore; Bromberg, Philip A.; Levine, Mark; McDonnell, William F.; Devlin, Robert B.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.5.2008003

Cited by 144 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…) following placebo and vitamin supplementation (250 mg vitamin C, 50 IU (33 mg) vitamin E, and a 12 oz vegetable cocktail rich in carotenoids, daily for 14 days) [41]. In this study a small, yet significant blunting of the ozone-induced decrement in FEV1 (p=0.05) was observed in the supplemented group with a similar trend (p=0.06) observed in the FVC response.…”

Section: Respiratory Tract Lining Fluid Antioxidants and Air Pollutionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Air pollution and the elderly: oxidant/antioxidant issues worth consideration

Kelly¹,

Dunster²,

Mudway³

2003

European Respiratory Journal

109

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The elderly are frequently classified as being particularly susceptible to air pollution. The basis of this increased sensitivity is not known but it is likely that it is linked to age-related impaired function of the lung. However, given this uncertainty and increased impact of air pollution of this section of the community there is a need to explore the mechanisms involved.Gaseous air pollutants such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide, or many of the components adsorbed onto the surface of respirable particles, are either powerful oxidants or capable of generating free radicals. If unabated, oxidants can cause injury to the delicate cells that line the respiratory tract. Small molecular weight antioxidant defences present in respiratory tract lining fluid (RTLF) represent the first line of defence against a range of oxidants that enter the lung. The quantity and quality of the RTLF airways antioxidant network are, therefore, likely to be important determinants of the impact of the oxidant challenge on the underlying respiratory epithelium.As yet, comprehensive information on the distribution and variability of respiratory tract lining fluid antioxidant defences is only available in young, mainly healthy volunteers. Studies undertaken in patients with a range of respiratory diseases suggest that marked changes in the distribution of respiratory tract lining fluid antioxidants can occur. Information is not currently available on the impact of ageing on the respiratory tract lining fluid antioxidant defence network. As several respiratory tract lining fluid antioxidants are of dietary origin, the elderly, who often have different dietary patterns to younger individuals, may have decreased availability of important antioxidants. Given these possibilities, a better understanding of respiratory tract lining fluid antioxidant defences in the aged lung is warranted.

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Section: Respiratory Tract Lining Fluid Antioxidants and Air Pollutionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Air pollution and the elderly: oxidant/antioxidant issues worth consideration

Kelly¹,

Dunster²,

Mudway³

2003

European Respiratory Journal

109

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“…SAMET et al [91] observed no difference in the bronchoalveolar lavage content of polynuclear cells and other inflammatory markers between supplement and placebo groups after O 3 challenge. Similarly, Mudway et al [92] reported no effect of supplementation with vitamin C and vitamin E on O 3 -induced neutrophilia in healthy individuals responsive to O 3 .…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 95%

“…In a study of asthmatic adults, a cocktail of vitamin C (500 mg) and vitamin E (400 UI) protected against a decrease in peak expiratory flow from SO 2 challenge after O 3 exposure [90]. In another study [91], subjects were first deprived of vitamin C and then supplemented with a relatively low dose of vitamin C (250 mg), vitamin E (100 mg) and vegetable cocktail. Supplementation protected against acute change in lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity) after O 3 challenge.…”

Section: Antioxidant Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antioxidant vitamin supplementation provides some protection against the adverse effect of O 3 on lung function in asthmatic children with slight deficiencies in these nutrients [96], and to adults depleted in vitamin C [91]. In contrast, vitamin supplementation did not protect against O 3 -induced lung function decrement in well nourished subjects [109].…”

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Romieu

Castro-Giner²,

Künzli³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

220

157

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The aim of the present review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the biological and epidemiological evidence of the role of oxidative stress as a major underlying feature of the toxic effect of air pollutants, and the potential role of dietary supplementation in enhancing antioxidant defences.A bibliographic search was conducted through PubMed. The keywords used in the search were ''air pollutant'', ''oxidative stress'', ''inflammation'', ''antioxidant polyunsaturated fatty acids'' and ''genetics''. In addition, the authors also searched for biomarkers of oxidative stress and nutrients.The review presents the most recent data on: the biological and epidemiological evidence of the oxidative stress response to air pollutants; the role of dietary supplementation as a modulator of these effects; and factors of inter-individual variation in human response. The methodology for further epidemiological studies will be discussed in order to improve the current understanding on how nutritional factors may act.There is substantial evidence that air pollution exposure results in increased oxidative stress and that dietary supplementation may play a modulating role on the acute effect of air pollutants. Further epidemiological studies should address the impact of supplementation strategies in the prevention of air-pollution-related long-term effects in areas where people are destined to be exposed for the distant future.

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“…The main results of the original study revealed that supplemental dietary antioxidants protected human subjects from the adverse effects of O 3 inhalation on lung function and have been published elsewhere (Samet et al, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and lung macrophage responsiveness to carotenoid supplementation and ozone exposure in humans

et al. 2004

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Objective: To examine the effect of ozone exposure and vegetable juice supplementation on plasma and lung macrophage concentrations of carotenoids. Design: A randomized trial. Setting: Subjects were exposed to ambient air prior to antioxidant supplementation and to ozone after antioxidant supplementation or placebo. Exposures occurred while exercising intermittently in a controlled metabolic chamber at the Human Studies Division, US EPA. Subjects: In all, 23 healthy subjects between ages of 18 and 35 y. Interventions: Subjects consumed a low fruit and vegetable diet for 3 weeks. After the first week, subjects underwent a sham exposure to filtered air with exercise, followed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Subjects were randomly assigned into supplement (one can vegetable juice, vitamins C and E daily) or placebo (orange soda, placebo pill daily) groups for 2 weeks. After the 2-week intervention, subjects were exposed to 0.4 ppm (784 mg/m 3 ) ozone for 2 h with exercise followed by BAL. Blood samples were drawn before, immediately after and 3 h postexposure on each exposure day. The concentrations of nine carotenoids were determined by HPLC in BAL macrophages and plasma samples. Results: Plasma concentrations of all the carotenoids that were present in the vegetable juice (except cis-beta-carotene) increased significantly in the supplemented group. Lung macrophage a-carotene concentrations increased significantly, lycopene isomers increased slightly, and all other carotenoids decreased (nonsignificantly) in the supplementation group following the intervention. Ozone exposure resulted in decreases in several carotenoids in plasma of the placebo group, but not in the supplemented group. Conclusions: Lung macrophage concentrations of carotenoids can be manipulated by diet. Ozone is a potent environmental oxidant that appears to reduce plasma carotenoids in nonsupplemented individuals.

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Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Ozone-Induced Lung Injury in Human Subjects

Cited by 144 publications

References 41 publications

Air pollution and the elderly: oxidant/antioxidant issues worth consideration

Air pollution and the elderly: oxidant/antioxidant issues worth consideration

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

Plasma and lung macrophage responsiveness to carotenoid supplementation and ozone exposure in humans

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