Effect of Antibiotics on the Haemocyte Count and Rearing Performance of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic agents have been used in recent years to increase the growth of silkworm larvae and to improve production. In this context, the present investigation reported the effects of ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin on total haemocyte count (cells/mm3), survival percentage and economic characteristics in silkworm Bombyx mori L. at various concentration levels. The study regarding the effect of antibiotics was conducted on the silkworm breed APS-45. Three concentrations (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) were prepared for each antibiotic. The worms were reared upto 3rd instar without any treatment. After third moult silkworms were supplemented with antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves.
 Results: The experimental results showed that the effect of different antibiotics on economic parameters like larval weight, larval duration, cocoon weight, shell ratio and raw silk percentage were significantly increased in the treated lines in comparison to the control. Antibiotics also increased survival percentage and the most effective result was obtained at 0.15% of ceftiofur sodium followed by oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. In the present study highest THC value of 9157.33 mm/cm3 was recorded in treatment ceftiofur sodium treated batch at concentration C3 0.15%. An increment in the total haemocyte count was observed in other treatments as well and the cell count increased with an increase in concentration of antibiotic dosage and the effectiveness of the antibiotics followed the order ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin.
 Conclusion: This research outlines that there is a significant improvement in the total haemocyte count and economic traits in silkworm with the supplementation of antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. The antibiotic treatment has significantly improved the raw silk percentage and has been found to be effective in reducing the mortality of silkworms. So, this antibiotic fortification can be further exploited for higher raw silk production.

Construction, Characterization, and Biosensing Potential of an SOS Inducible mCherry Based Reporter Plasmid

“…Impact of different antibiotics on the development and cocoon production of silkworm has been evaluated and established in some studies (Javaid et al, 2021;Rafiq et al, 2021b). Antibiotic administration significantly enhanced the biological and commercial traits of silkworm (Rahmathulla et al, 2003;Hamamoto et al, 2004b;Adel et al, 2015;Shyamala et al, 2013;Savithri, 2007;Rahmathulla and Nayak, 2017;Kushelaf et al, 2014;Mahdi et al, 2017b;Mahmoud and Taha, 2012).…”

“…Both antibiotics are of broad spectrum and are proven to work against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Anderson and Perry, 2008;Hurst et al, 2002;Brogden and Campoli-Richards, 1989). Antibiotics improved growth of silkworm with increased concentrations (Rafiq et al, 2021b) the antibiotic treatment is indicative of improved cocoon production (Rafiq et al, 2021b). Similarly, improved cocoon weight and cocoon shell was recovered from antibiotic treated groups.…”

Genomic Clues of a Multidrug-Resistant Bacterium from Cultured Domestic Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)

“…strain ASE was isolated from the gut of a domestic silkworm in our culture facility ( 1 ). Antibiotics are commonly used in sericulture businesses to keep silkworms healthy and disease free and enhance cocoon and raw silk production, thus opening the Pandora’s box of antibiotics misuse/overuse ( 5 ). Strain ASE is a multidrug-resistant pathogen that has been found to be resistant to a variety of antibiotics, including cell wall inhibitors (carbenicillin, penicillin, bacitracin, mezlocillin, and cefpodoxime), nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors (novobiocin and nitrofurantoin), and protein synthesis inhibitors (oleandomycin and lincomycin) ( 1 ).…”

The Effect of Onion Powder (Allium Sp.) As An Antibiotic on The Larval Haemolymph of Silkworm and Its Effect on The Economic Parameters of Cocoons as A Food Supplementary

“…Haemolymph is one of the responsible defenses against pathogens. Silkworms are infected by many pathogen groups such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses (Rafiq et al, 2020). Haemocytes are an important component of the immune system in insects, because of their involvement in coagulation, phagocytosis and encapsulation (Khan, et al, 2016,).…”

“…and the differential hemocyte count (D.H.C) were studied by (Abdel-Rahman, et al, 2012) they recommended that palm pollen treatment cleared an increment on the T.H.C. Also, the Total haemocytes count was significantly increased after using the antibiotic treatment Ceftiofur sodium (Rafiq et al, 2020). Onion (Allium sp.)…”