Effect of Antibacterial Agents on Ammonia Production within the Intestine.

Abstract

85 % sulfuric acid ( 1 ) is avoided, the sensitivity is twice that obtained when glacial acetic acid(3) is used, and a source of error introduced with the use of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (4) to oxidize ascorbic acid before formation of the osazone is eliminated. The resulting method has been found to be quite satisfactory with respect to sensitivity, specificity, facility, and recovery of added ascorbic acid.

Ammonia inhibits cAMP-regulated intestinal Cl- transport. Asymmetric effects of apical and basolateral exposure and implications for epithelial barrier function.

“…The normal colon absorbs substantial quantities of ammonia, approximately 250 mmol daily, and is the major source of the ammonia found in peripheral blood (10,33,34). Thus, regardless of the precise permeability properties of crypt cells alone (native or T84 model crypt cells), the epithelium as a whole clearly does not behave as an absolute permeability barrier to ammonia.…”

“…8 C). These data indicate that the effects of ammonia on regulated Cl-secretion are agonist- 10 ,uM (shaded bars) forskolin. Data are mean±SEM for n = 4-6 each group.…”

“…Thus, the apical surface of colonocytes is normally bathed by a remarkably high concentration of ammonia. The basolateral aspect of the epithelium and the submucosa are also exposed to unusually high concentrations of ammonia, reflected by the presence of 1-2 mM ammonia in the mesenteric venous blood directly draining the colon (10). The impact of ambient ammonia on normal intestinal epithelial cell function is largely unknown.…”

Ammonia Movement in the Small Intestine: Preferential Transport by the Ileum *

“…Although ammonia is formed endogenously by the kidney (1,2) and other organs (3,4), the major component of blood ammonia originates in the colon and small intestine from the decomposition of protein, amino acids, and urea (5)(6)(7). In the normal animal, portal vein ammonia enters the liver and is converted into urea.…”

Determination of the Indigenous Microflora of Men in Controlled Environments

“…Deamination, which is the result of bacterial action on the substrate, occurs in the intestinal mucosa and is a recognized function of bacterial physiology In fact, Silen et al (28) showed that the large intestine is the source of a considerable quantity of ammonia and that the amount of ammonia normally delivered from the intestine to the blood may be reduced by oral administration of neomycin.…”