Effect of Anoxia on α-Amylase Induction in Maize Caryopsis

Guglielminetti, Lorenzo; Busilacchi, Héctor; Alpi, Amedeo

doi:10.1007/pl00013929

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…To maintain respiratory metabolism crucial to germination, readily available respiratory carbohydrates and soluble sugars must be supplied constantly. However, the amount of readily utilizable soluble sugars in plant seeds is usually very limited, with starch being the main reserve carbohydrate (Guglielminetti et al, 2000). The hydrolytic enzyme α-amylase is known to play a major role in degradation of reserve carbohydrates (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing Pseudomonas isolates inhibit seed germination and α-amylase activity in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Tabatabaei

Ehsanzadeh

Etesami

et al. 2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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The role of plant-associated bacteria in plant physiology and metabolism is well documented, but little has been known about the roles played by Pseudomonas in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) growth and development. An in vitroexperiment was conducted to observe the effect of the inoculation of four indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing Pseudomonas isolates and exogenous IAA on seed germination traits and α-amylase activity of durum wheat. The results showed inoculation with all bacterial isolates led to a decrease in the germination percent, although the extent of the depression varied with the isolate. A significant relationship between concentrations of bacterial IAA and the germination inhibition percent in durum wheat seeds by different bacteria strains was observed. The results of this assay showed the effect of bacterial isolates on α-amylase activity after six and 8 days of inoculation was significant, while effect of these isolates on α-amylase activity after two and 4 days of inoculation was not meaningful. In addition, the exogenously applied IAA displayed a concentration-dependent effect on seed germination attributes and α-amylase activity, consistent with the possibility that the inhibitory effect of bacterial inoculation on seed germination was in consequence of bacteria-produced IAA. Therefore, it may suggested that the inhibitory role of IAA in seed germination and α-amylase activity should be taken into account during the screening of IAA-producing Pseudomonas isolates for durum wheat growth promoting agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing Pseudomonas isolates inhibit seed germination and α-amylase activity in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Tabatabaei

Ehsanzadeh

Etesami

et al. 2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Therefore, soluble sugars that can be readily used in respiration must be supplied constantly to maintain respiratory metabolism. However, the amount of readily utilizable soluble sugars in plant seeds is usually very limited (Ricard et al 1998, Saglio et al 1999, Guglielminetti et al 2000. α-Amylase plays a major role in degradation of reserve saccharides to soluble sugars during germination (Beck andZiegler 1989, Vartapetian andJackson 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of germination and α-amylase induction by 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone in twelve plant species

Kato‐Noguchi

Macías

2008

Biol. plant.

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6-Methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) inhibited germination of rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz), rye (Secale cereale L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), wild oat (Avena fatua L.), barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.], ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), carrot (Daucus carota L.) and amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L) and the inhibition increased with increasing MBOA concentrations. MBOA also inhibited the induction of α-amylase in these plant seeds and the inhibition increased with increasing MBOA concentrations. There were variations in sensitivity of these plant species to MBOA, and species of family Poaceae (barnyard grass, wild oat, rice, rye, ryegrass, and wheat) were less sensitive to MBOA than the other plant species.Additional key words: allelopathy, germination inhibitor, Poaceae.⎯⎯⎯⎯ 6-Methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) is an important secondary metabolite of Poaceae plants involved in plant resistance to pests and diseases (Frey et al. 1997, Yue et al. 1998, Bravo and Copaja 2002, Glenn et al. 2002. This compound has also associated with allelopathy because of its inhibiting activity of growth and germination against several plant species (Pérez 1990, Inderjit and Duke 2003, Belz and Hurle 2004. However, the physiological mechanism of MBOA on the inhibition is not fully understood.Induction of α-amylase is considered to be essential for seed germination because this enzyme triggers starch degradation in the endosperm of seeds and enables the seeds to germinate and grow (Perata et al. 1997, Vartapetian andJackson 1997). MBOA has recently shown to inhibit germination of lettuce seeds and induction of α-amylase in the seeds at concentration greater than 0.03 mM, and the germination rate was positively correlated with the activity of α-amylase in the seeds (Kato-Noguchi and Macías 2005). Therefore, MBOA might inhibit the germination of lettuce seeds by inhibiting the induction of α-amylase activity. We reported here effects of MBOA on germination and α-amylase activity in several monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant species.Monocotyledonous plant seeds of rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz), rye (Secale cereale L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), wild oat (Avena fatua L.), barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.], ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin), and dicotyledonous plant seeds of cress (Lepidium sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were used for assay of seed germination and determination of α-amylase activity as test plants.Seeds of test plants were sterilized in 25 mM solution of sodium hypochlorite for 15 min and rinsed four times in sterile distilled water. All further manipulations were carried out under sterile conditions. MBOA was firstly ⎯⎯⎯⎯

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“…Amylolytic breakdown of reserved starch in endosperms of cereal seeds is thought to be a prerequisite for seed germination and subsequent seedling growth (Beck and Ziegler 1989;Thomas 1993;Guglielminetti et al 2000). A set of enzymes, a-amylase, b-amylase, a-glucosidase and debranching enzyme, is needed for starch degradation, but only a-amylase is considered to play a major role in the degradation of reserved carbohydrate to soluble sugars in anoxia (Sun and Henson 1991;Guglieminetti et al 1995).…”

Section: A-amylase Activitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Anoxia tolerance and α-amylase activity in four rice cultivars

2008

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The relationship between anoxia tolerance and reserved carbohydrate catabolism was investigated in four rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars subjected to a 48-h anoxic stress. The coleoptile elongation of all cultivars was suppressed by anoxic stress, however, the elongation of cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai was much greater than that of cvs Touzoumochi and Asahimochi. The anoxic coleoptiles of cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai contained about 2-fold as much ATP as those of cvs Touzoumochi and Asahimochi. Ethanol production in the anoxic coleoptiles of cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai was about 2-fold as much as that of cvs Touzoumochi and Asahimochi, which suggests that ethanolic fermentation is probably more active in cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai than in cvs Asahimochi and Touzoumochi. Activity of a-amylase, which catabolizes starch to soluble sugars, in endosperms of cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai was about 2-fold that of cvs Touzoumochi and Asahimochi, and soluble sugar concentration in the coleoptiles of cvs Koshihikari and Awa-akamai was about 3-fold greater than that of cvs Touzoumochi and Asahimochi. Soluble sugar concentration and ethanol production rate in the coleoptiles of rice seedlings were correlated well with a-amylase activity in their endosperms, which were also correlated well with anoxia tolerance with respect to the coleoptile elongation and ATP concentration in the coleoptiles. These results suggest that the ability to degrade starch to soluble sugar by a-amylase in endosperm may be important for the anoxia tolerance in rice coleoptiles and it may serve to distinguish the anoxia tolerance of rice coleoptiles.

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Effect of Anoxia on α-Amylase Induction in Maize Caryopsis

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing Pseudomonas isolates inhibit seed germination and α-amylase activity in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing Pseudomonas isolates inhibit seed germination and α-amylase activity in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Inhibition of germination and α-amylase induction by 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone in twelve plant species

Anoxia tolerance and α-amylase activity in four rice cultivars

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