“…4. Only D-glucose, with a preference for the a-anomer when compared with the fl-anomer [43,47,55,56,58,59] and D-mannose protect glucose-induced insulin secretion [29,59] and pancreatic B cell glucokinase [43,47] against inhibition by alloxan; while sugars like Dfructose, D-galactose, and L-glucose are ineffective [43,59]. High alloxan concentrations can overcome the glucose protection of the pancreatic islets [60] and of the glucokinase against alloxan action (S.Lenzen, unpublished observation).…”