Effect of annealing on the magnetic microstructure of high-pressure torsion iron: the relevance of higher-order contributions to the magnetic small-angle neutron scattering cross section

Abstract

The development of higher-order micromagnetic small-angle neutron scattering theory in nanocrystalline materials is still in its infancy. One key challenge remaining in this field is understanding the role played by the microstructure on the magnitude and sign of the higher-order scattering contribution recently observed in nanocrystalline materials prepared by high-pressure torsion. By combining structural and magnetic characterization techniques, namely X-ray diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction and magnetometry with magnetic small-angle neutron scattering, this work discusses the relevance of higher-order terms in the magnetic small-angle neutron scattering cross section of pure iron prepared by high-pressure torsion associated with a post-annealing process. The structural analysis confirms: (i) the preparation of ultra-fine-grained pure iron with a crystallite size below 100 nm and (ii) rapid grain growth with increasing annealing temperature. The analysis of neutron data based on the micromagnetic small-angle neutron scattering theory extended to textured ferromagnets yields uniaxial magnetic anisotropy values that are larger than the magnetocrystalline value reported for bulk iron, supporting the existence of induced magnetoelastic anisotropy in the mechanically deformed samples. Furthermore, the neutron data analysis revealed unambiguously the presence of non-negligible higher-order scattering contributions in high-pressure torsion iron. Though the sign of the higher-order contribution might be related to the amplitude of the anisotropy inhomogeneities, its magnitude appears to be clearly correlated to the changes in the microstructure (density and/or shape of the defects) induced by combining high-pressure torsion and a post-annealing treatment.

Upgrade of the small-angle neutron scattering diffractometer SANS-J at JRR-3

“…During approximately 250 operation days after restarting the operation of JRR-3, SANS-J has been operated as normal with the exception of one threeday repair period for the velocity selector and minor system troubles due to communication errors between the computer and devices, which were mostly fixed by replacing communication cables and adjusting the waiting time for response from the devices in the LabVIEW software. We have carried out and published the results of many measurements, both for ourselves and in collaboration with others (Isozaki et al, 2022;Shibata et al, 2023;Mamiya et al, 2023;Micheau et al, 2023;Bersweiler et al, 2023a;Bersweiler et al, 2023b;Kaneko et al, 2023). We have also been able to provide beam times for many experiments without issue.…”