Effect of annealing on the optical, structural and electrochromic properties of vacuum evaporated manganese phthalocyanine thin films

Sridevi, B.R.; Hoskeri, Priya A.; Joseph, C.M.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2021.138584

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These results align with our TEM and FESEM findings. TiPcCl 2 films' energy gap values seem to behave similarly to those of previously reported organic films with respect to annealing temperature [7,8,10,12,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Structural Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…These strategies include the manipulation of growth parameters, including the selection of preparation technique, substrate temperature, and substrate nature. Additionally, post-treatment methods like as irradiation and annealing are employed as alternative options [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Annealing is a critical process in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices made of organic or inorganic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of organic solar cells, for example, is dependent on both the annealing temperature and the annealing time. Typically, the annealing process causes considerable changes in the shape, optical, and electrical characteristics of the active organic layer [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Because thermal treatment in MPcs may eliminate oxygen impurities, flaws, and other voids, tests taken after annealing are too critical to reveal the inherent characteristics of the MPcs thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of vacuum annealing on the structural, optical properties and Dc conductivity of titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

Abdelhamid,

Dongol,

Elhady

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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The present work elucidates the significant alterations in several physical characteristics of thermally evaporated TiPcC2 thin films resulting from vacuum annealing at 373 and 473K . The structure, surface morphologies, and molecular structure of TiPcCl2 thin films were studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). Results confirmed nanostructure attributes of as-deposited and annealed films, as well as the phase transition in TiPcCl2 was observed during annealing. The optical constants of as-deposited and annealed films in the wavelength range of 200-2500 nm were determined using spectrophotometric techniques. The indirect optical energy gap was observed to diminish with increasing annealing temperature due to enhanced crystallinity of thin films. Using the single oscillator model, the dispersion of the refractive index at normal dispersion was investigated. For the as-deposited and annealed films, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility, χ(3) nonlinear refractive index, n(2) and nonlinear absorption coefficient βc were computed and discussed. The electrical conductivity of TiPcCl2 exhibited increased as the temperature increased, suggesting its characteristic as a conventional organic semiconductor. The parameters of Mott's model were obtained and discussed under low-temperature conditions afterward. Conclusions derived from this research indicate that the unique properties of vacuum annealing TiPcCl2 have great promise for future use in optoelectronic systems.

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Section: Structural Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of vacuum annealing on the structural, optical properties and Dc conductivity of titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

Abdelhamid,

Dongol,

Elhady

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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“…[Figure 3] Thus, one compressor has 4.2-6.3 MW of installed capacity. The practice of Greenfield projects approves the amount of investments for MVR capital expenditures can be paid back within 5-6 years, depending on electricity tariffs in a particular region [14 ]. Table 1 shows a comparative analysis of the energy consumptionand MVR unit based on the example of calculation at the designed plant for the disposal of excess brines with a capacity of 1 million m 3 per year, located in the Perm Region of the Russian Federation.…”

Section: Mechanical Vapor Recompression (Mvr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of excess brines disposal methods at potash mining and processing plants

Shcherban

Gapchich

Жданов

et al. 2023

CI&CEQ

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The paper analyzes the positive and negative aspects of various technological solutions of the liquid brines use during the development of polymineral potash ore deposits, considers the problem of determining the choice of the optimal approach by taking into account geological, technical, environmental, and financial factors. The study of the issues of utilization and reduction of the liquid brines components of discharges in the production of potash fertilizers, the simultaneous reduction of valuable components loss with liquid discharges, and, due to this, increasing the production of potash fertilizers, and also the usage in the technology of mine brines, are an urgent and important scientific and engineering challenge of the potash industry. Technologically, several alternative solutions are possible to reduce the number of liquid by-products placed in sludge storages. A set of analytical methods was used in the work, including statistical data processing, modeling, pre-design studies of technological solutions, and assessment of economic costs. Excess brines of potash mining and processing plants are liquid waste obtained during the production of potashfertilizers - MOP ? SOP. The accumulation of excess brines in sludge storage facilities is estimated at millions of cubic meters per year. The expansion of the sludge storage facilities area and the construction of dams are only a temporary solution and associated with risks in design, construction, and operation of hydraulic structures, increasing the risks of brine leakage into open and underground water basins. This makes it necessary to use other methods of brine disposal. Depending on the nature of the processed polymineral potash ores, several methods can be used in combination for the the disposal of excess brines at once: backfiling, osmosis, injection into deep horizons, multistage evaporation. The most optimal combination of brine reduction technologies for potassium-magnesium processing plants raw materials is the following : 60% is disposed by usage of vacuum evaporation units , 20 % - by injecting excessive brines into deep absorbing horizons, 10-20% should be used for backfilling or production of additional products.

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“…Активно развиваются методы получения тонких пленок фталоцианинов для нелинейной оптики и не только [21][22][23]. Тонкие пленки фталоцианина и его производных формируются различными методами: Ленгмюра-Блоджетт и Ленгмюра-Шеффера [24,25], методоми центрифугирования [26] и вакуумного напыления [27]. Два последних метода не позволяют контролировать надмолекулярную организацию исследуемых соединений в пленке [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Supramolecular Organization and Optical Properties of Langmuir-Schaefer Films of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octa-(3-(Methylthio)Phenyl)Phthalocyaninate Lutetium Acetate

Kazak¹,

Kazak²,

Nikitin³

et al. 2022

Liq. Cryst. and their Appl.

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Floating layers and Langmuir-Schaefer films of 2, 3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa-(3-(ethylthio)phenyl)phthalocyaninate of lutetium acetate were obtained. A floating layer of this compound was modeled and the geometric characteristics of the densest packing on the water surface were calculated. It is shown that the area per one molecule in the densest face-on monolayer packing is equal to 4.94 nm 2 . Analysis of the floating layer compression isotherm, the electron absorption spectra of chloroform solution and thin films, as well as AFM images of the surface relief of Langmuir-Schaefer films showed that at the air/water interface as well as on a solid substrate, molecules are arranged by face-on type. Such organization on the aqueous subphase is probably related to the orienting effect of the acetate residue at the lutetium atom and sulfur atoms. By the method of electron absorption spectroscopy, it was found that the films contain small amount of J-type aggregates.

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Effect of annealing on the optical, structural and electrochromic properties of vacuum evaporated manganese phthalocyanine thin films

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Role of vacuum annealing on the structural, optical properties and Dc conductivity of titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

Role of vacuum annealing on the structural, optical properties and Dc conductivity of titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

Optimization of excess brines disposal methods at potash mining and processing plants

Supramolecular Organization and Optical Properties of Langmuir-Schaefer Films of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octa-(3-(Methylthio)Phenyl)Phthalocyaninate Lutetium Acetate

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