Effect of ankle-foot orthosis on postural control after stroke: A systematic review

Padilla, M. Guerra; Molina‐Rueda, Francisco; Diego, I.M. Alguacil

doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2011.10.014

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the next step, 37 potentially relevant studies were then identified and evaluated by the two reviewers independently based on the full text. Finally, 14 studies 4 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 were selected by the research team to enter the study (Figure 1 ). In the final step, 23 studies were excluded, along with the reasons for exclusion, which are listed in Supporting Information: Table 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quality of systematic reviews/meta‐analyses assessing the effects of ankle–foot orthosis on clinical outcomes in stroke patients: A methodological systematic review

Shahabi

Mojgani

Lankarani

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims Given the importance of systematic reviews (SRs) for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers, it is essential to assess them to ensure robust methodology and reliable results before applying them. The purpose of this methodological study was to assess the methodological and reporting quality of recently published SRs and/or meta‐analyses (MAs) evaluating the effects of ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs) on clinical outcomes in stroke survivors. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, CENTRAL, REHABDATA, and PEDro were searched. The research team applied A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR‐2) tool and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) checklist for evaluating the reporting and methodological quality, respectively, and the ROBIS tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias (RoB) in the included reviews. The quality of the evidence was also judged using the (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) GRADE method. Results In final, 14 SRs/MAs met inclusion criteria. Evaluation of methodological quality using the AMSTAR‐2 tool demonstrated that the overall quality of included reviews was mostly “critically low” or “low,” except for two studies that were “high.” In addition, the findings showed that the mean score of the reporting quality of the included reviews based on the PRISMA criteria was 24.9, down from 42. In accordance with the overall evaluation applying the ROBIS tool, 14.3% of the review studies were evaluated as high RoB, 64.3% were evaluated as unclear RoB, and 21.4% were evaluated as low RoB. Regarding the level of evidence quality, the GRADE results indicated that the evidence quality of the included reviews was unsatisfactory. Conclusion This study showed that although the reporting quality of recently published SR/MAs evaluating the clinical effects of AFOs in stroke survivors was moderate, the methodological quality of almost all reviews was suboptimal. Therefore, reviewers must consider a number of criteria in designing, conducting, and reporting their studies to move toward transparent and conclusive results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quality of systematic reviews/meta‐analyses assessing the effects of ankle–foot orthosis on clinical outcomes in stroke patients: A methodological systematic review

Shahabi

Mojgani

Lankarani

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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“…Thus, patients with weak plantarflexors may be hindered in generating adequate propulsion. In addition, recent studies have provided conflicting results as to whether AFOs reduce the risk of falling (Cakar et al, 2010; Guerra Padilla et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2007). Other studies have found no difference in clinical balance scores (Park et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2005) or in static or dynamic weight-bearing tasks when wearing an AFO (Simons et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of solid ankle-foot-orthoses on forward propulsion and dynamic balance in healthy adults during walking

Vistamehr

Kautz

Neptune

2014

Clinical Biomechanics

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Background In post-stroke hemiparetic subjects, solid polypropylene ankle-foot-orthoses are commonly prescribed to assist in foot clearance during swing while bracing the ankle during stance. Mobility demands, such as changing walking speed and direction, are accomplished by accelerating or decelerating the body and maintaining dynamic balance. Previous studies have shown that the ankle plantarflexors are primary contributors to these essential biomechanical functions. Thus, with ankle-foot-orthoses limiting ankle motion and plantarflexor output during stance, execution of these walking subtasks may be compromised. This study examined the influence of a solid polypropylene ankle-foot-orthosis on forward propulsion and dynamic balance in healthy adults. Methods Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded from 10 healthy adults walking with and without a unilateral ankle-foot-orthosis at steady-state slow (0.6 m/s) and moderate (1.2 m/s) speeds, and during accelerated (0–1.8m/s at 0.06 m/s2) and decelerated (1.8–0m/s at −0.06 m/s2) walking. Propulsion was quantified by propulsive and braking impulses (i.e., time integral of the anterior–posterior ground reaction force) while dynamic balance was quantified by the peak-to-peak range of whole-body angular momentum. Findings The propulsive impulses decreased in the leg with ankle-foot-orthosis compared to the contralateral leg and no ankle-foot-orthosis condition. Further, the ankle-foot-orthosis resulted in a greater range of angular momentum in both the frontal and sagittal planes, which were correlated with the reduced peak hip abduction and reduced ankle plantarflexor moments, respectively. Interpretation Solid ankle-foot-orthoses limit the successful execution of important mobility subtasks in healthy adults and that the prescription of ankle-foot-orthosis should be carefully considered.

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“…has been considered to treat patients with spastic paralysis of the upper limbs and has demonstrated good clinical results. Non-invasive rehabilitation, such as extracorporeal shock wave therapy, use of orthosis, neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy and virtual reality, among other treatments, is currently the focus of treatment for patients with lower limb dysfunction 26–29. Although these methods have some effect on the recovery of the ability to walk, they cannot directly restore the muscle strength in the lower limbs, and patients tend to rely on the assistance of a walker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extradural Contralateral Ventral Root Transfer to Treat Lower Limb Motor Dysfunction in Paraplegia

Chang

Cao²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Spine

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Study Design. Eight cadavers were included in this anatomical study.Objective. This study aimed to confirm the anatomical feasibility of extradural transfer of the contralateral T11 ventral root (VR) to the ipsilateral L2 level and the contralateral L1 VR to the ipsilateral L3 level to restore lower limb function in cases of paraplegia. Summary of Background Data. Motor dysfunction due to hemiplegia significantly affects the daily life of patients. To date, unlike in cases of upper limb dysfunction, there are few studies on the surgical management of lower limb movement dysfunction. Materials and Methods. Eight cadavers were included in this study to confirm the feasibility of the nerve transfer. After separating the VR and dorsal root at each level, the VRs at the T11 and L1 levels were anastomosed with the VRs of L2 and L3, respectively. The length of the VRs of donor roots and the distance between the donor and recipient nerves were measured. H&E staining was performed to verify the number of axons and the cross-sectional area of the VRs. Lumbar x-rays of 60 healthy adults were used to measure the distance between the donor and recipient nerves. Results. After exposing the bilateral extradural each root, the VRs could be easily isolated from the whole root. The distance between the VRs of T11 and L2, L1, and L3 was significantly longer than the length of the donor nerve. Therefore, the sural nerve was used for grafting. The measurements performed on the lumbar x-rays of the 60 healthy adults confirmed the results. The number of axons and cross-sectional area of the VRs were measured. Conclusion.Our study confirmed the anatomical feasibility of transferring the VRs of T11 to L2 and that of L1 to L3 to restore lower limb function in cases of hemiplegia.

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Effect of ankle-foot orthosis on postural control after stroke: A systematic review

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

The quality of systematic reviews/meta‐analyses assessing the effects of ankle–foot orthosis on clinical outcomes in stroke patients: A methodological systematic review

The quality of systematic reviews/meta‐analyses assessing the effects of ankle–foot orthosis on clinical outcomes in stroke patients: A methodological systematic review

The influence of solid ankle-foot-orthoses on forward propulsion and dynamic balance in healthy adults during walking

Extradural Contralateral Ventral Root Transfer to Treat Lower Limb Motor Dysfunction in Paraplegia

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