Effect of anisotropy on the deep-drawing of mild steel and dual-phase steel tailor-welded blanks

Padmanabhan, R.; Baptista, A. Poiares; Oliveira, M. C.; Menezes, L.F.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.11.051

Cited by 64 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Thus, basically in the annealed condition these steels very much resemble the traditional ferrite-martensite dual phase steels with low r-bar values. 17) Therefore, such materials can not be considered in applications where high deep drawability is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Texture, Grain Boundary Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of a Cold Rolled and Annealed Martensitic Steel

et al. 2008

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The microstructural and textural evolution and changes in Grain Boundary Character Distribution (GBCD) during annealing of a prior cold worked (30 %, 50 % and 80 %) Fe-C martensitic steel have been studied, and correlated with mechanical properties. It has been demonstrated that ultrafine grains in the range 50-250 nm can be obtained by choosing appropriate amounts of cold rolling and annealing. Increasing the annealing temperature in all the three materials produces the expected results, namely decrement of strength with a concomitant increase in ductility. Although reasonably sharp g-fibres were obtained in most of the cases, the very low r-bar values (Ͻ1.0) make the steels unsuitable for deep drawing purposes. It has been suggested that grain boundary engineering may lead to better strength-ductility combinations in this steel for enhanced range of applications.KEY WORDS: texture; cold rolling; annealing; mechanical properties; Grain Boundary Character Distribution; martensite. rolling mill with a roll diameter of 250 mm. The rolling was performed at a roll peripheral speed of 27.5 m · min Ϫ1 with machine oil as lubricant. The cold rolling could be successfully done without any edge cracking. Specimens of 15 mm in width and 100 mm in length were cut from the cold rolled sheets along the rolling direction (RD) for subsequent annealing and mechanical testing. The annealing of the cold rolled specimens was carried out at different temperatures ranging from 200-700°C, for 30 min with an interval of 100°C. From the annealed samples tensile specimens were prepared in accordance with ASTM E8M-04 standard and were subsequently polished. Tensile tests of polished samples were carried out at room temperature in Instron 4 210 machine with a constant cross-head speed of 0.5 mm · min Ϫ1. The bulk hardness values (H v ) were calculated from the average of seven separate measurements taken at randomly selected points by using a load of 5 kg for 15 s. A detailed microstructural characterization was performed using Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG-SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Specimens after etching with 2 % Nital, were observed along the cross section in a FEG-SEM operated at 15 kV. Thin foil TEM study was conducted in a PHILIPS CM200 TEM operated at 100 kV. Thin foils were prepared by twin jet electro polishing using a solution of 10 % HClO 4 ϩ90 % CH 3 COOH. Global texture measurements were carried out on the half thicknesses of the 30 %, 50 % and 80 % cold rolled as well as annealed (at 500°C and 700°C) samples using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method in a PANalytical MRD machine. The (110), (200), (112) and (222) pole figures were determined, from which the Orientation Distribution Functions (ODFs) were calculated using the method of Bunge. 11)The grain boundary characterization was carried out in FEG-SEM operated at 20 kV equipped with an OIM/EBSD attachment. Samples after polishing with colloidal silica, were put in the sample holder of the SEM/EBSD equipment. Using a step size of 1....

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Texture, Grain Boundary Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of a Cold Rolled and Annealed Martensitic Steel

et al. 2008

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“…If material on the punch side was stretched perpendicular to the weld line, deformation of the weaker material would be larger than the stronger material, and it may cause tearing failure. Reversely, compressive stresses in the sidewall and the flange area may lead to wrinkling in some forming applications [20]. Inability of the weaker material in withstanding such a high compressive stress and the reduced buckling strength in case of thinner sheet results in movement of the weld line towards the thinner material and buckling of the thinner material in the side wall or the flange area.The material flow adversely affects the formability of the TWBs.…”

Section: Fig1 Forming Limit Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming Characteristics of Tailor Welded Blanks

2017

IJMTER

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Abstract-The possibility of having dissimilar sheets of different thickness, strength, and material properties enable the designer to distribute the material optimally. Tailor welded Blank best suited for both automotive and aerospace applications. In producing of Tailor welded Blanks, a structural part or product is made by joining two or more metal sheets of possibly different thicknesses, materials, and surface coatings. The Demand for lightweight vehicles along with attractive and complicated geometric shapes is growing day to day in a rapid way. By reducing the weight of the vehicles, the fuel consumption and emissions are considerably reduced as well. For weight, cost reduction and for better utilization of scrap remained after some sheet metal operations, the Tailor Welded Blanks (TWBs) is a promising technology. This paper deals with forming characteristics of Tailor welded Blanks.

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“…punch, die and blank holder) were modeled using a discrete rigid type R3D4 and the material were modeled using S4R (a 4-node quadrilateral in-plane general purpose shell, reduced integration). Material properties are listed in Table 1 [14]. Die and punch dimension as shown in Figure 1 die and punch clearance is 1.22 mm.…”

Section: Finite Element Analysis Of Deep Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blank Shape Optimization on Deep Drawing of a Twin Elliptical Cup Using the Reduced Basis Technique Method

Golshani¹,

Jabbari²

2015

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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In this project thesis, initial blank shape optimization of a twin elliptical cup to reduce earring phenomenon in anisotropic sheet deep drawing process was studied .The purpose of this study is optimization of initial blank for reduction of the ears height value. The optimization process carried out using finite element method approach, which is coupled with Taguchi design of experiments and reduced basis technique methods. The deep drawing process was simulated in FEM software ABAQUS 6.12. The results of optimization show earring height and, in addition, a number of design variables and time of process can be reduced by using this methods. After optimization process with the proposed method, the maximum reduction of the earring height would be from 21.08 mm to 0.07 mm and also it could be reduced to 0 in some of the directions. The proposed optimization design in this article allows the designers to select the practical basis shapes. This leads to obtain better results at the end of the optimization process, to reduce design variables, and also to prevent repeating the optimization steps for indirect shapes.

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Effect of anisotropy on the deep-drawing of mild steel and dual-phase steel tailor-welded blanks

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Microstructure, Texture, Grain Boundary Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of a Cold Rolled and Annealed Martensitic Steel

Microstructure, Texture, Grain Boundary Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of a Cold Rolled and Annealed Martensitic Steel

Forming Characteristics of Tailor Welded Blanks

Blank Shape Optimization on Deep Drawing of a Twin Elliptical Cup Using the Reduced Basis Technique Method

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