Effect of an Ultra-Endurance Event on Cardiovascular Function and Cognitive Performance in Marathon Runners

Perrotta, Andrew S.; Jeklin, Andrew T.; Bredin, Shannon S. D.; Shellington, Erin M.; Kaufman, Kai L.; Faye, Amanda de; Miles, Rosalin M.

doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.838704

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Behavioral parameters were used to further understand the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of the participants: correct rate (CR)—the total correct rate (%) of completion of the counting task test and reaction time (RT)—reaction to the counting task test (ms) [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cognitive–Motor and Motor–Motor Dual Tasks on Gait Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia

Wang,

Jin,

2024

Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: With the advent of global aging, the health of the older population has become a critical public health challenge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dual-tasking on gait performance in patients with sarcopenia. Methods: Thirty participants with sarcopenia (age: 70.73 ± 4.12 yr, MMSE score: 26.90 ± 3.00), including 14 males and 16 females, were selected according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia. All participants were instructed to perform the gait test in three modes: single task (ST), cognitive–motor dual task (CMDT), and motor–motor dual task (MMDT). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA to evaluate the effects of different task types on gait parameters of the participants. Results: (1) Compared with ST walking, gait frequency, step length, and step speed decreased, and the gait cycle and double-support phase increased in patients with sarcopenia during dual-task walking (p < 0.05); (2) Compared with ST walking, gait variability indices such as stride frequency, stride length, and support period significantly increased in patients with sarcopenia during dual-task walking (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The increased difficulty in postural control caused by dual-task interference may reduce the safety of motor strategies in patients with sarcopenia and increase the risk of falls. Future studies should focus on the effects of exercise interventions on multitasking patterns in people with sarcopenia to promote balance function in these populations.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cognitive–Motor and Motor–Motor Dual Tasks on Gait Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia

Wang,

Jin,

2024

Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Backyard running: Pushing the boundaries of human performance

De Pauw,

Ampe,

Arauz

et al. 2024

European Journal of Sport Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultrarunning is gaining in popularity but no information is available on the physiological and psychological responses during backyard ultrarunning events. The aim of this study was to determine changes in cognitive function, markers of physiological resilience, and running performance during a backyard‐running event. Twelve male ultrarunners (38 ± 8 years old, BMI: 23.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2, and VO2max: 60.8 ± 4.7 mL/min/kg) were monitored before, during, and after the event. Cognitive performance was determined using a cognitive test battery before, during, and after the event. During the event, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate concentration, and heart rate (HR) were assessed. Physical performance was investigated using the total number of completed laps and running speed per lap. Athletes completed 34 ± 17 laps equaling 227.8 ± 113.9 km with average speeds starting at 9.0 km/h and slowing down to 7.5 km/h at the end of the event. Physiological resilience (estimated using HR/speed) varied between athletes, with significantly lower values in the more proficient backyard runners at the end of the event (p < 0.05). HR and lactate levels remained constant, whereas a progressive increase in RPE was noticed (p ≤ 0.001). A significantly worsened reaction time was observed for several cognitive tasks after the event compared to baseline measures (p ≤ 0.05). These observations show that physiological resilience differs depending on the level of endurance performance of the athletes. Furthermore, the backyard ultrarunning event negatively impacted psychomotor speed. Therefore, the results suggest that implementing strategies that enhance physiological resilience and/or psychomotor speed could potentially have a positive effect on performance in ultraendurance activities.

show abstract

Exogenous ketosis increases circulating dopamine concentration and maintains mental alertness in ultra-endurance exercise

Poffé

Robberechts

Stalmans

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exogenous ketosis can improve psychocognitive functioning during exercise as well as stimulate postexercise muscular recovery. Therefore, we hypothesized that ketone ester (KE) supplementation can counteract the decline in psychocognitive functioning during ultra-endurance exercise and stimulate muscular recovery. Eighteen recreational runners participated in a full 100km trail run (RUN, n=8), or ran to premature exhaustion (80km: n=6; 60km: n=4). Before (25g), during (25g·h-1), and after (5*25g in 24h) RUN they received ketone ester (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (KE, n=9) supplements or a non-caloric placebo (CON, n=9). Blood samples and muscle biopsies were taken, and mental alertness was assessed by a psychocognitive test battery at different times before, during, and up to 36h after RUN. Compared with CON (<0.3 mM), in KE blood D-ß-hydroxybutyrate concentration was consistently elevated to ~2-3 mM during RUN. In CON, RUN increased visual reaction times from 353±53 to 419±54ms, and movement execution times from 174±47 to 245±64ms. But this effect was fully negated by KE (p<0.05). Plasma dopamine concentrations doubled in KE during RUN but remained stable in CON, resulting in higher concentrations after RUN in KE (4.1±1.7 nM) than in CON (2.4±0.8 nM, p=0.048). KE also inhibited muscular infiltration of macrophages and suppressed AMPK phosphorylation status until 36h post exercise (p<0.05 KE vs. CON). In conclusion, KE increases circulating dopamine concentration and improves mental alertness, as well as improves postexercise muscular inflammation in ultra-endurance exercise.

show abstract

Effect of an Ultra-Endurance Event on Cardiovascular Function and Cognitive Performance in Marathon Runners

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of Cognitive–Motor and Motor–Motor Dual Tasks on Gait Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia

Effects of Cognitive–Motor and Motor–Motor Dual Tasks on Gait Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia

Backyard running: Pushing the boundaries of human performance

Exogenous ketosis increases circulating dopamine concentration and maintains mental alertness in ultra-endurance exercise

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About