Effect of an Oat Bran Enriched Diet on the Atherogenic Lipid Profile in Patients with an Increased Coronary Heart Disease Risk

Abstract

Aim: To study whether an oat bran enriched diet has a specific effect in lowering total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols, in addition to caloric and fat restriction. Methods: We performed a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, single-centre study in which 1,994 patients from the Wehrawald Hospital (Todtmoos, Germany) were screened and 235 met the criteria male gender, hypercholesterolemia, and overweight. All patients in the Wehrawald Hospital took part in a 4-week standardized inpatient lifestyle health program consisting of dietary intervention, increased physical activity, and health education. Caloric restriction, fat modification, and oat bran supplementation were part of the nutritional regimen within the lifestyle health program. Ninety-nine patients were randomized to a fat-modified diet with caloric restriction and a daily intake of 35–50 g oat bran and 136 patients to a fat-modified, oat bran-free diet with caloric restriction. Fifty-three male overweight but normocholesterolemic subjects were selected as controls. Results: The most significant decreases in total cholesterol (–67.7 ± 37.2 mg/dl; p < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (–56.3 ± 35.1 mg/dl; p < 0.01), and apolipoprotein B (–42.4 ± 34.1 mg/dl; p < 0.01) were found with the combination of the fat-modified and oat bran enriched food. Conclusions: Added to a fat-modified diet, oat bran within a practical range of intake significantly reduces total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. These beneficial effects occurred independent of covariables such as physical activity or caloric and fat restriction in the diet.

Nutritional advantages of oats and opportunities for its processing as value added foods - a review

“…The β-glucan content in oat ranges from 2.3 to 8.5/100 g (Flander et al 2007). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted a health claim stating that a daily intake of 3 g of soluble oat β-glucan can lower the risk of coronary heart disease (FDA 1997;Amundsen et al 2003;Berg et al 2003). It is also known to reduce blood cholesterol level (Ripsin et al 1992).…”

A diet rich in oat bran improves blood lipids and hemostatic factors, and reduces apparent energy digestibility in young healthy volunteers

“…The cholesterol-lowering effect of oats, rich in soluble mixed-linkage (1-3), (1-4)-b-D-glucans, has been known for decades (de Groot et al, 1963), and a large number of studies have demonstrated that oat products lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol significantly (Pick et al, 1996;Saltzman et al, 2001;Berg et al, 2003;Reyna-Villasmil et al, 2007). The US Food and Drug Administration allows a claim that food products containing oats that deliver 3 g of b-glucan daily can reduce the risk of heart disease (US Food and Drug Administration, 1997).…”

Predictors for Reporting of Dietary Assessment Methods in Food-based Randomized Controlled Trials over a Ten-year Period

“…Tables 1 and 2 display the detail of each of the studies (by size of the study) that did report a dietary assessment method. In total 50 studies (20.6%) did not report the dietary assessment method used (Janatuinen et al, 1995;Sacks et al, 1995;Conlin et al, 2000;Fan et al, 2000;Kauwell et al, 2000;Knopp et al, 2000;Vuksan et al, 2000;Gregory et al, 2001;Lietz et al, 2001;Moore et al, 2001;Svetkey et al, 2001;Vollmer et al, 2001;Janatuinen et al, 2002;Pijls et al, 2002;Shankar et al, 2002;Vicennati et al, 2002;Allison et al, 2003, Berg et al, 2003Engstrom et al, 2003;Facchini et al, 2003;Gluck and Gebbers, 2003;Hadley et al, 2003;Hoyt et al, 2003;Khan et al, 2003;Upritchard et al, 2003;Vozzo et al, 2003;Wolfe et al, 2003;Xiao et al, 2003; Writing group of the PREMIER Collaborative Research Group, 2003;Chen et al, 2004;Maubach et al, 2004;McGuire et al, 2004;Miyashita et al, 2004;Parra et al, 2004;Sagara et al, 2004;Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 2004;Davey Smith et al, 2005;Svetkey et al, 200...…”