Effect of an extrinsic motivator on mechanical parameters of the counter movement jump used in team sports

Król, Henryk; Borzucka, Dorota; Rektor, Zbigniew

doi:10.5604/17310652.1226492

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Our experiment confirms the results of previous studies and supports the hypothesis that the presence of OG enhances vertical jump performance for jump height (2,9,10,18–20,29,41). In our study, the average gain of OG in the pretraining assessment was about 0.8 cm (2%), whereas in studies by other authors the total gain of using OG varies according to gender and discipline.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…. In the work by Kr ól et al (18), the greatest improvement in modified CMJ under an OG condition was found in male handballers (gain of 2.2 cm, about 5.5%), followed by volleyball players (gain of 1.8 cm, 4.4%) and basketball players (gain of 0.4 cm, 1.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…It has been proposed that the use of an overhead goal (OG) may increase the mechanical outputs of a vertical jump (31). Indeed, after pioneering research by Kr ól et al (17), several further studies reported significant improvements in drop jump (2,9,10,19,20,29) and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance (18,20,41) when the subjects were instructed to reach a target located above their heads, regardless of gender or sports discipline. Improved performance was associated with greater jump heights, increased knee moments of force, countermovement depth, and power production (9,14,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improved performance was associated with greater jump heights, increased knee moments of force, countermovement depth, and power production (9,14,18). Enhanced performance under OG was also commonly ascribed to the increased motivation and commitment in performing the task (9,18). However, OG entails the emergence of 2 other factors, which together combine to create the most powerful combination for enhancing performance, i.e., external focus of attention and augmented feedback (37).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presence of an Overhead Goal Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Jump Training

Akbaş¹,

Marszałek²,

Król³

2022

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Akbas ‚ , A, Marszałek, W, and Kr ól, H. Presence of an overhead goal does not improve the effectiveness of jump training. J Strength Cond Res 37(4): e280-e288, 2023-This study investigated the effectiveness of jump training with and without an overhead goal (OG) on a modified countermovement jump (CMJ) tested in a similar manner, with and without OG. Fifty-two men divided into 3 groups-trained with OG, trained without OG, and untrained-were examined: before the commencement of training; after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of training; and 2 weeks after the discontinuation of training. Each session consisted of 50 modified CMJ and was performed 3 times per week. Countermovement jump height, mean power, peak power, countermovement depth, and take-off phase time were quantified, and the statistical level was set at p , 0.05. Although the results showed the beneficial effect of OG on jump height (p , 0.01), the training with OG did not bring significantly better results than training without OG. In addition, the group trained without OG improved after 2 weeks in both testing conditions (with and without OG), whereas the group trained with OG improved after 2 weeks when tested with OG and only after 6 weeks when tested without OG. We believe the use of OG in jump training may be detrimental when the OG is withdrawn from the testing procedure because of its strong motivational and feedback features. Consequently, athletes in disciplines which require them to jump toward an object located over their head during a game, e.g., a ball or crossbar, should be tested with the presence of OG. Despite this, OG is still an important factor in maximizing jump performance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presence of an Overhead Goal Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Jump Training

Akbaş¹,

Marszałek²,

Król³

2022

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…Makaruk et al (2012) investigated the effect of attention focus on jumping performance, and reported that extrinsic motivation provided more improvement compared intrinsic motivation. Additionlly, many studies have shown that external motivation increased drop jump (Mok et al, 2017;Ford et al, 2005), counter movement jump (Krol et al, 2016;Wulf et al, 2007;Wulf and Dufek, 2009), and standing long jump performance (Porter et al, 2010) acutely.…”

Section: Extended English Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Further improvement of vertical jumping performance of volleyball players through targeted plyometric training

Yıldız

Engin

2019

HumanSciences

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Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of jumping exercises with an overhead target on vertical jump performance of volleyball players. Method: Eighteen male volleyball players (age 21.3 ± 1.8 years, height 183.8 ± 10.0 cm, weight 78.44 ± 12.0 kg) participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups randomly. Before the study, as a pre-test, jumping heights of all participants were measured by the Sargent method. Then, three days a week, for a total of four weeks, the control group performed 10 vertical jump exercises without targeting, while the study group performed 10 jumps with 10% more of the pretest result after the standard volleyball training. The target of a participant who reached the target three times in one session was increased by 10%. As a final test, maximal jump heights of both groups were measured again with the Sargent method. A 2X2 repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine vertical jump height changes according to pre-test and post-test measurements of the groups. Results: During the study, the maximal jump values of the volleyball players were found to increase by 13% (55,66 ± 6,7 cm) compared to the control group (50,56 ± 7,70 cm). Conclusion: In branches such as volleyball, where jump performance is the most important determinant of success, it is suggested that exercises should be performed through an overhead target to improve vertical jump performance. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı baş üstü hedef göstererek yapılan dikey sıçrama egzersizlerinin voleybol oyuncularının dikey sıçrama performansına olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya on sekiz erkek voleybol (yaş: 21,3±1,8 yıl, boy: 183,8±10,0 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 78,44±12,0 kg) oyuncusu katılmıştır. Katılımcılar rastgele yöntemle iki guruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışma öncesi tüm katılımcıların ön test olarak Sargent yöntemiyle sıçrama yükseklikleri ölçülmüştür. Daha sonra haftada üç gün, toplam dört hafta boyunca standart antrenman sonrası kontrol grubu hedef gösterilmeden 10 dikey sıçrama egzersizi yaparken, çalışma grubu ön test sonucunun %10 fazlası hedef gösterilerek 10 sıçrama çalışması yapmışlardır. Gösterilen hedefe bir çalışmada 3 defa ulaşan bir katılımcının hedefi %10 arttırılmıştır. Son test olarak her iki grubunda Sargent yöntemiyle maksimal sıçrama yükseklikleri tekrar ölçülmüştür. Grupların ön test ve son test ölçümlerine göre dikey sıçrama yükseklik değişimlerinin belirlenmesi için 2X2 tekrarlı ölçümler varyans analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma sırasında hedef göstererek (55,66±6,7 cm) yapılan egzersizlerin kontrol grubuna oranla (50,56±7,70 cm) voleybolcularda maksimal sıçrama değerlerinin daha fazla arttığı (%13) tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma-Sonuç: Voleybol gibi dikey sıçrama performansının başarının en önemli belirleyicisi olduğu branşlarda sıçrama performansının geliştirilmesi için baş üstü hedef gösterilerek yapılacak egzersizler önerilmektedir.

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Using an overhead target increases volleyball-specific vertical jump performance

Yıldız

Akyıldız

Clemente

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

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In volleyball, spikes, and block jumps are among the most important movements when earning points and impacting performance. Many studies have found a greater jump height after acutely augmented feedback and extrinsic focus of attention on vertical jump height. However, there are limited studies on the long-term effects of using an overhead target on volleyball-specific vertical jumps (block and spike jumps). Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of using an overhead target on the vertical jump heights of volleyball players. Twenty-five professional male volleyball players (age: 24.44 ± 3.78 years; height: 1.82 ± 8.79 cm; body mass: 80.96 ± 9.37 kg) were randomly assigned either to the experimental group with an overhead target (OHT) ( n = 9), group without an overhead target (WOHT) ( n = 10), or the control group ( n = 8). The OHT group performed vertical jumps with an overhead target before their regular training program, while the WOHT group completed vertical jumps without an overhead target before their regular training program. Meanwhile, the control group performed only their regular training program, which was a 5 week (3 days per week) program. All participants’ spike jump (SPJ) and block jump (BJ) results were assessed before and after the intervention. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (3 × 2) did not reveal any significant between-group interactions for SPJ and BJ ( F = 7.32, p < 0.11 and F = 1.59, p < 0.22 respectively), but significant results were found for the time effect ( F = 96.33, p < 0.01 and F = 132.25, p < 0.01 respectively) and group × time interaction ( F = 42.59, p < 0.01 and F = 61.52, p < 0.01, respectively). While the pre- and post-tests for BJ and SPJ values did not change in the control group ( p > 0.05), both of these values increased in the OHT group (60.00 ± 5.95–67.44 ± 5.98 cm, p < 0.01 for d = 1.24 and 49.00 ± 6.74–56.22 ± 5.29 cm p < 0.01 for d = 1.19, respectively) and WOHT group (57.50 ± 4.86–60.50 ± 4.99 cm, p < 0.01 for d = 0.60 and 47.75 ± 4.65–50.25 ± 3.69 cm, p < 0.01 for d = 0.59). It has been suggested that trainers and professionals can use an overhead target to increase the BJ and SPJ heights of professional volleyball players.

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Effect of an extrinsic motivator on mechanical parameters of the counter movement jump used in team sports

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Presence of an Overhead Goal Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Jump Training

Presence of an Overhead Goal Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Jump Training

Further improvement of vertical jumping performance of volleyball players through targeted plyometric training

Using an overhead target increases volleyball-specific vertical jump performance

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