Effect of an essential oils blend on growth performance, and selected parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence of &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; challenged piglets

Jiang, Xianren; Li, X.L.; Awati, A.; Bento, Heitor B.S.; Zhang, H.J.; Bontempo, V.

doi:10.22358/jafs/69254/2017

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the other hand, glutamine production via biotransformation of glutamate, the main energy substrate of enterocytes, can reduce oxidative stress and alleviate apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium, thereby preventing intestinal dysfunction (50) . In addition, studies have shown that immunological challenge (with LPS and ETEC K88) can impair the expression of antioxidant enzymes in weaned piglets (6,7,46) . In this study, our results showed that dietary CP-Zn supplementation enhanced the activity of T-SOD and GSH-px in the jejunum, indicating that dietary CP-Zn supplementation relieved oxidative stress in the jejunums of weaned piglets by promoting the expression of antioxidant enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, severe diarrhoea after weaning due to infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a main cause of piglet growth performance decline and even death (4,5) . ETEC and its derived enterotoxins can stimulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and induce oxidative stress, which further cause epithelial cell apoptosis and villous atrophy in the SI (5)(6)(7) . Atrophy of the villi in the SI (especially in the jejunum) directly disturbs the transport of nutrients and ultimately affects the growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of piglets (1,2) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nano chitosan–zinc complex improves the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of the small intestine in weaned piglets

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2020

Br J Nutr

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The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with a nano chitosan-zinc complex (CP-Zn, 100 mg/kg zinc) could alleviate weaning stress in piglets challenged with ETEC K88 by improving growth performance and intestinal antioxidant capacity. The in vivo effects of CP-Zn on growth performance variables (including gastrointestinal digestion and absorption functions and the levels of key proteins related to muscle growth) and the antioxidant capacity of the small intestine were evaluated in 72 weaned piglets. The porcine jejunal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 was used to further investigate the antioxidant mechanism of CP-Zn in vitro. The results showed that CP-Zn supplementation increased the jejunal villus height and decreased the diarrhoea rate in weaned piglets. CP-Zn supplementation also improved growth performance (ADG and ADFI), increased the activity of carbohydrate digestion-related enzymes (amylase, maltase, sucrase and lactase) and the mRNA expression levels of nutrient transporters (SGLT1, GLUT2, PEPT1 and EAAC1) in the jejunum, and upregulated the expression levels of mTOR pathway-related proteins (IRS1, phospho-mTOR and phospho-p70S6K) in muscle. In addition, CP-Zn supplementation increased glutathione content, enhanced T-SOD and GSH-px activity, and reduced MDA content in the jejunum. Furthermore, CP-Zn decreased the content of MDA and ROS, enhanced the activity of T-SOD and GSH-px, and upregulated the expression levels of Nrf2 pathway-related proteins (Nrf2, NQO1 and HO1) in LPS-stimulated IPEC-J2 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that CP-Zn supplementation can improve growth performance and the antioxidant capacity of the small intestine in piglets, thus alleviating weaning stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Nano chitosan–zinc complex improves the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of the small intestine in weaned piglets

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2020

Br J Nutr

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“…Many in vivo studies confirmed positive effects deriving from the supplementation of EO blends in weanling piglets, with a reduction in coliform proliferation [156], a lower fecal score and diarrhea appearance [169], an improvement in intestinal morphology and feed digestibility [170], and an increase in total antioxidant activity [171]. However, studies providing EO supplementation sometimes report contrasting results or inconclusive outcomes [172,173], probably due to different EO inclusions and compositions, which could be significantly influenced by factors such as soil composition, plant species, harvesting season, extraction method, and stability [168,174].…”

Section: Essential Oils and Nature Identical Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Towards Zero Zinc Oxide: Feeding Strategies to Manage Post-Weaning Diarrhea in Piglets

Bonetti

Tugnoli²,

Piva

et al. 2021

Animals

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) at pharmacological doses is extensively employed in the pig industry as an effective tool to manage post-weaning diarrhea (PWD), a condition that causes huge economic losses because of its impact on the most pivotal phase of a piglet’s production cycle. In a multifactorial way, ZnO exerts a variety of positive effects along the entire gastrointestinal tract by targeting intestinal architecture, digestive secretions, antioxidant systems, and immune cells. ZnO also has a moderate antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli F4 (K88), the main causative agent of PWD. However, the environmental impact of ZnO and new emerging threats are posing serious questions to the sustainability of its extensive utilization. To work towards a future free from pharmacological ZnO, novel nutritional approaches are necessary, and many strategies have been investigated. This review article provides a comprehensive framework for ZnO utilization and its broad mode of action. Moreover, all the risks related to pharmacological ZnO levels are presented; we focus on European institutions’ decisions subsequently. The identification of a novel, complete solution against PWD should be accompanied by the adoption of holistic strategies, thereby combining good management practices to feeding approaches capable of mitigating Escherichia coli F4 (K88) infections and/or lowering ZnO utilization. Promising results can be obtained by adjusting diet composition or employing organic acids, natural identical compounds, polyphenol-rich extracts, prebiotics, and probiotics.

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“…However, no impact of the oil treatment or age was obtained with regard to plasma MDA, which is a frequently used marker of oxidative stress even though the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increased, and the concentration of α-tocopherol decreased in the plasma at day 35 of age compared to day 28 of age. Other studies 37 , 38 observed slightly reduced MDA concentrations in blood plasma of pigs when providing treatments containing compounds with antioxidative properties. Furthermore, Jiang et al 37 and Zhao et al 38 did not observe an effect of antioxidant compounds (gallic acid and essential oils, respectively) on the antioxidative enzymes SOD and GSH-PX in plasma of pigs after induction of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Other studies 37 , 38 observed slightly reduced MDA concentrations in blood plasma of pigs when providing treatments containing compounds with antioxidative properties. Furthermore, Jiang et al 37 and Zhao et al 38 did not observe an effect of antioxidant compounds (gallic acid and essential oils, respectively) on the antioxidative enzymes SOD and GSH-PX in plasma of pigs after induction of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Redox balance and immunity of piglets pre- and post-E. coli challenge after treatment with hemp or fish oil, and vitamin E

Madsen,

Jensen,

Lauridsen

2024

Sci Rep

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This study investigated the influence of polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and vitamin E supplementation on oxidative status and immune responses in weanling piglets pre- and post-E. coli challenge. Suckling piglets (n = 24) were randomly selected from two litters for an oral supplementation (1 mL/day) with fish oil or hemp oil and vitamin E supplementation (60 mg natural vitamin E/mL oil) from day 10 to 28 of age. At day 29 and 30 of age, each piglet was orally inoculated with 6.7 × 108 and 3.96 × 108 CFU of F4 and F18 E. coli, respectively. Blood was sampled from all piglets on day 28 before E. coli challenge and on day 35 of age to investigate immunological and oxidative stress markers in plasma. One week after weaning and exposure to E. coli, a general reduction in the α-tocopherol concentration and activity of GPX1 was obtained. Vitamin E supplementation lowered the extent of lipid peroxidation and improved the antioxidative status and immune responses after E. coli challenge. Hemp oil had the greatest effect on antioxidant enzyme activity. Provision of hemp oil and vitamin E to suckling piglets may reduce the incidence of post-weaning diarrhea.

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Effect of an essential oils blend on growth performance, and selected parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> challenged piglets

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Nano chitosan–zinc complex improves the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of the small intestine in weaned piglets

Nano chitosan–zinc complex improves the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of the small intestine in weaned piglets

Towards Zero Zinc Oxide: Feeding Strategies to Manage Post-Weaning Diarrhea in Piglets

Redox balance and immunity of piglets pre- and post-E. coli challenge after treatment with hemp or fish oil, and vitamin E

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