“…Lesions or temporary inactivation of the amygdala consistently block freezing (D. C. Blanchard & Blanchard, 1972; Cahill, Vazdarjanova, & Setlow, 2000; Fanselow & Kim, 1994; Fendt, 2001; Goosens & Maren, 2001; Helmstetter & Bellgowan, 1994; Holahan & White, 2002; Kim, Rison, & Fanselow, 1993; Lee, Walker, & Davis, 1996; Lee, Choi, Brown, & Kim, 2001; Maren, 1998, 1999; Maren, Aharonov, Stote, & Fanselow, 1996; Muller, Corodimas, Fridel, & LeDoux, 1997; Phillips & LeDoux, 1992; Vazdarjanova, Cahill, & McGaugh, 2001; Vazdarjanova & McGaugh, 1998; Wilensky, Schafe, & LeDoux 1999, 2000) but have less consistent effects on avoidance (Ambrogi Lorenzini, Bucherelli, Giachetti, Mugnai, & Tassoni, 1991; Amorapanth, LeDoux, & Nader, 2000; Antoniadis & McDonald, 2000; Coleman-Mesches & McGaugh, 1995; Gaston & Freed, 1969; Holahan & White, 2002, 2003; Izquierdo, Da Cunha, Huang, & Walz, 1990; Killcross, Robbins, & Everitt, 1997; Poremba & Gabriel, 1997; Selden, Everitt, Jarrard, & Robbins, 1991; Smith, Monteverde, Schwartz, Freeman, & Gabriel, 2001; Vazdarjanova & McGaugh, 1998; Wilensky et al, 2000).…”