Effect of amine spacer of PEG on the properties, performance and antifouling behavior of poly(piperazineamide) thin film composite nanofiltration membranes prepared by in situ PEGylation approach

PEGylation and incorporation of triazine ring into thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes for enhancement of anti-organic and anti-biofouling properties

“…1B and C) show new or intensity enhanced bands at 943 cm −1 , 1080 cm −1 , and 2875 cm −1 , which are assigned to CH 2 rock and C-C stretch, C-O and C-C stretch, and the CH 2 symmetric stretch of PEG respectively. Previous publication reported such intensity enhanced IR bands of PEGylated TFC membranes [18,28,29]. Fig.…”

“…Membranes were subjected to characterizations by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and by water contact angle (θ) measurement as described earlier [28,29].…”

“…Our previous publications reported in situ hydrophilic modification (PEGylation) of TFC membranes for the improvement of antifouling property. The PEGylated membranes exhibited good anti-protein (bovine serum albumin) fouling property during desalination of water [28,29]. It is desirable to prepare TFC membranes with both organic and bio-antifouling properties for smooth RO application.…”

Recent advances in the development of (bio)fouling resistant thin film composite membranes for desalination

“…PEG is highly hydrophilic and neutrally charged. It is also able to form hydrogen bonds with water that could increase surface hydrophilicity and lower the interaction with nonspecific foulants [12,15].…”

“…In recent advances, novel low fouling TFC membranes were successfully fabricated by in situ PEGylation of polyamide composite membranes [15,16]. Resembling the m-phenylenediamine (MPD) structure, commonly used monomer to prepare polyamide RO membrane, amine terminated hydrophilic PEG (MPD − PEG − MPD or MeO − PEG − MPD) monomers as shown in Fig.…”